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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (32): 23-29.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0286

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

羊粪等氮替代化肥对西葫芦产量和品质的影响

刘晓阳1,2(), 尹梅1, 付利波1, 王伟1, 王志远1, 陈华1, 杨艳鲜1, 张庆1, 杨济达1, 王应学1, 陈检锋1()   

  1. 1 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所，昆明 650205
    2 东北农业大学资源与环境学院，哈尔滨 150030
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-14 修回日期:2025-09-29 出版日期:2025-11-18 发布日期:2025-11-18
  • 通讯作者:
    陈检锋，男，1985年出生，硕士研究生，副研究员，研究方向：植物营养、土壤肥料研究。通信地址：650205 云南省昆明市盘龙区北京路2238号 云南省农业科学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘晓阳，男，1999年出生，硕士研究生，研究方向：农业资源利用研究。通信地址：650205 云南省昆明市盘龙区北京路2238号 云南省农业科学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南创新引导与科技型企业培育计划“云南省嵩明县蔬菜产业科技特派团”(202504BI090005); 云南省重大科技专项计划项目“云南高原特色有机农业产业技术体系研究与应用”(202202AE090029); 云南省科技人才与平台计划项目“云南省曹卫东专家工作站”(202305AF150016)

Impact of Sheep Manure Replacing Chemical Fertilizer at Equal Nitrogen Rate on Yield and Quality of Zucchini

LIU Xiaoyang1,2(), YIN Mei1, FU Libo1, WANG Wei1, WANG Zhiyuan1, CHEN Hua1, YANG Yanxian1, ZHANG Qing1, YANG Jida1, WANG Yingxue1, CHEN Jianfeng1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205
    2 School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030
  • Received:2025-04-14 Revised:2025-09-29 Published:2025-11-18 Online:2025-11-18

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摘要：

以‘世龙翡翠’西葫芦为试验材料，在云南省昆明市嵩明县进行小区试验，设置6个处理，包括100%化肥(CK)和化肥配施不同比例羊粪处理(FM1~FM5)，研究羊粪等氮替代化肥对西葫芦产量、品质以及果实形态的影响。结果表明，羊粪替代化肥后，西葫芦产量均有所提高，当羊粪替代量达到30%时（FM3处理）产量最高，比对照组CK提高了9.87%。在果实形态方面，FM3处理的果实长度和直径均显著高于CK，果实长度提升6.41%，果实直径提升10.22%。羊粪的加入还改善了西葫芦果实的营养成分，降低了粗纤维含量，提高了维生素C和可溶性糖含量，并且显著提升了果实中的钾含量。此外，羊粪替代化肥后，西葫芦果实中的硝酸盐含量有所下降。研究认为，羊粪和化肥合理配施可以有效提升西葫芦的产量和品质，同时减少有害物质的积累。

关键词: 云南红壤, 等氮替代, 化肥减量, 西葫芦, 羊粪, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted in Songming County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, and the effects of partially replacing chemical fertilizer with sheep manure on fruit yield, quality, and morphology were investigated using the zucchini cultivar ‘Shilong Feicui’ as the material. Six treatments were established, including 100% chemical fertilizer (CK) and five combinations (FM1 to FM5) of chemical fertilizer with different proportions of sheep manure on an equal nitrogen basis. The results demonstrated that substituting chemical fertilizer with sheep manure increased zucchini yield across all combined treatments. The highest yield increase (9.87%) was observed under the FM3 treatment, which 30% of the chemical fertilizer was replaced by sheep manure, compared to the CK. Regarding fruit morphology, FM3 significantly increased both fruit length (by 6.41%) and diameter (by 10.22%) compared to CK. The incorporation of sheep manure also improved nutritional quality, reduced crude fiber content while increasing vitamin C and soluble sugar contents. Furthermore, potassium content in the fruit was significantly enhanced, and nitrate content decreased with sheep manure substitution. This study indicates that the rational combined application of sheep manure and chemical fertilizer can effectively enhance zucchini yield and fruit quality, while reducing the accumulation of harmful substances.

Key words: Yunnan red soil, equal nitrogen replacement, chemical fertilizer reduction, zucchini, sheep manure, yield, quality