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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (26): 9-12.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0452

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

南方红壤区耕地质量与产能提升的机遇与挑战

刘佳(), 万里, 夏文建, 刘光荣, 彭春瑞, 陈金()   

  1. 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所/国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心/农业农村部酸化土改良与利用重点实验室/农业农村部长江中下游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/耕地改良与质量提升江西省重点实验室， 南昌 330200
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-09 修回日期:2025-08-30 出版日期:2025-10-12 发布日期:2025-10-12
  • 通讯作者:
    陈金，男，1984年出生，江西南昌人，研究员，博士，研究方向：土壤-作物互作过程、土壤改良。通信地址：330200 江西省南昌市南莲路602号 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所，Tel：0791-82728359，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘佳，男，1984年出生，安徽六安人，研究员，博士，研究方向：土壤酸化及其生态效应、农业有机资源利用。通信地址：330200 江西省南昌市南莲路602号 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所，Tel：0791-82728422，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“长江中下游坡耕地红黄壤与中低产稻田产能提升技术模式及应用”(2021YFD1901200); 江西省财政厅科技专项“红壤早地质量与产能提升技术研究及应用”(2024JXCZ003); 江西省重大科技项目“耕地质量提升及受污染耕地安全利用技术”(JXNK202307)

Opportunities and Challenges for Improving Quality and Productivity of Arable Land in Red Soil Region of Southern China

LIU Jia(), WAN Li, XIA Wenjian, LIU Guangrong, PENG Chunrui, CHEN Jin()   

  1. Institute of Soil and Fertilizer & Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement / Key Laboratory of Acidified Soil Amelioration and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality Enhancement, Nanchang 330200
  • Received:2025-06-09 Revised:2025-08-30 Published:2025-10-12 Online:2025-10-12

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摘要：

为应对南方红壤区耕地质量退化，本研究旨在剖析耕地质量提升的关键科技卡点，并提出科技创新发展规划。以南方红壤坡耕地和中低产稻田为研究对象，系统梳理红壤坡耕地酸化态势与中低产稻田肥力状况。结果表明，江西、福建强酸性农田(pH<5.5)面积分别占92.3%和85.4%，红壤酸化严重威胁农作物生产；且南方红壤区有接近2/3的水稻土由为中低产田，极大地限制了作物产能提升。本研究从理论上、技术上和产品上分别阐述了南方红壤区耕地质量提升的关键科技卡点，进而提出了未来南方红壤区耕地质量与产能提升的科技创新发展规划，明确了主要目标、重点方向，并制定了详细的任务清单。

关键词: 红壤, 耕地质量, 粮食产能, 科技卡点, 发展规划

Abstract:

The study aims to assess the current degradation of arable land quality in southern red soil region, analyze the key technological chokepoints in enhancing arable land quality, and propose an innovation-driven development plan. Focusing on red soil sloping arable land and medium and low-yield fields in southern China, this study systematically clarified the current acidification situation of red soil sloping arable land and the soil fertility status of medium and low-yield fields. Our results indicate that severe degradation of farmland quality in southern red soil areas significantly constrains high-quality agricultural development in the region. The southern red soil region exhibits extensive acidification with severe trends. In Jiangxi and Fujian Province, 92.3% and 85.4% of arable land soils, respectively, have an average pH below 5.5, indicating that red soil acidification severely threaten crop production. Nearly two-thirds of the paddy soils in the red soil region of southern China are low-yielding fields, which greatly limit the increase of crop productivity. This paper identifies the key technological chokepoints for improving the quality of arable land in the southern red soil region from three aspects: theory, technology, and products, respectively. The future scientific and technological innovation development plan for improving the quality and production capacity of arable land in the southern red soil region is proposed. The main objectives, key directions, and detailed task lists are formulated.

Key words: red soil, arable land quality, grain production capacity, scientific and technological chokepoints, development planning