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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (21): 120-131.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0961

• 林学•园艺•园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

牡丹种质资源SSR分子标记遗传多样性及其表型性状关联分析

何智宏1(), 李京璟1, 何丽霞1(), 徐晶晶1, 张晶晶1, 杨国州1, 李睿1, 瞿丹1, 刘子昕1, 唐小亚1, 高斌斌1, 赵萍1, 杨育川2   

  1. 1 甘肃省林业科技推广站 甘肃省牡丹工程研究中心, 兰州 730046
    2 皋兰县西岔镇人民政府农业农村综合服务中心, 甘肃皋兰 730207
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-02 修回日期:2026-03-20 出版日期:2026-11-10 发布日期:2026-11-10
  • 通讯作者:
    何丽霞,女,1964年出生,甘肃兰州人,正高级工程师,硕士,主要从事林木遗传育种。通信地址:730046 甘肃省兰州市城关区枣树沟9号 甘肃省林业科技推广站,Tel:0931-8342845,E-mail:。
  • 作者简介:

    何智宏,女,1988年出生,甘肃定西人,硕士,研究方向:林木遗传育种。通信地址:730046 甘肃省兰州市城关区枣树沟9号 甘肃省林业科技推广站,Tel:0931-8342845,E-mail:。

  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技计划项目“牡丹种质资源保护发掘及新品种培育研究”(20YF3NA009); “牡丹野生种及新品种表型性状与分子标记的关联分析研究”(20JR10RA470); 中央财政林草科技推广示范项目“牡丹优良品种繁育及山旱地栽培技术集成示范”(甘[2024]ZYTG05号)

Genetic Diversity of Tree Peony Germplasm Resources Based on SSR Markers and Association Analysis of Phenotypic Traits

HE Zhihong1(), LI Jingjing1, HE Lixia1(), XU Jingjing1, ZHANG Jingjing1, YANG Guozhou1, LI Rui1, QU Dan1, LIU Zixin1, TANG Xiaoya1, GAO Binbin1, ZHAO Ping1, YANG Yuchuan2   

  1. 1 Gansu Forestry Science and Technology Promotion Station/ Gansu Peony Engineering Research Center, Lanzhou 730046
    2 Xicha Town Agricultural and Rural Comprehensive Service Center, Gaolan County, Gaolan, Gansu 730207
  • Received:2025-12-02 Revised:2026-03-20 Published:2026-11-10 Online:2026-11-10

摘要:

为探究牡丹种质资源的遗传多样性并挖掘与关键观赏性状相关联的分子标记,本研究以79份牡丹野生种质及栽培品种为试材,采用30对SSR分子标记进行全基因组扫描,系统评估其遗传多样性、群体遗传结构,并开展观赏性状的全基因组关联分析。结果表明,30对SSR标记共检测出869个等位变异,变化范围为13~49个,基因多样性指数变化幅度为0.7182~0.9462,平均值为0.8737,多态性信息含量(PIC)变化幅度为0.7047~0.9436,遗传相似系数(GS)变异范围为0.3583~0.9500,平均值为0.6542,表明供试群体具有高度遗传异质性;基于遗传距离的聚类分析与群体遗传结构分析均将种质资源划分为4个遗传类群,揭示其显著的亚群分化特征;根据广义线性模型(GLM)关联分析,发现13个标记与植株株形、当年生枝长度、花型、雌蕊数量等10个表型性状极显著相关联(P<0.01),表型变异解释率介于0.3735~0.7254,其中,解释率最大的标记是Ps067,为0.7254,与雄蕊花药颜色相关;解释率最小的标记是Ps029,为0.3735,与雌蕊数量相关。本研究首次开展了牡丹野生种与栽培品种表型性状与分子标记的关联分析,发现了13个分子标记与10个牡丹表型性状极显著相关联,可为杂交亲本选配、等位基因挖掘及分子标记辅助育种提供理论支持,助力观赏特性牡丹新品种的定向培育。

关键词: 牡丹, SSR标记, 表型性状, 遗传多样性, 群体遗传结构, 关联分析

Abstract:

In order to explore the genetic diversity among different tree peony germplasm resources and identify molecular markers associated with key ornamental traits, this study was conducted by using 79 wild tree peony germplasm resources and cultivated varieties as test materials. 30 pairs of SSR molecular markers were employed for whole-genome scanning to systematically evaluate their genetic diversity and population genetic structure, and a whole-genome association analysis of ornamental traits was conducted. The results showed that 869 allelic variations were detected across the 30 SSR markers, with a range of 13 to 49 variations. The gene diversity index ranged from 0.7182 to 0.9462, with an average value of 0.8737, the polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.7047 to 0.9436, and the genetic similarity coefficient (GS) ranged from 0.3583 to 0.9500, with an average value of 0.6542, indicating that the tested population possessed a high degree of genetic heterogeneity. Both cluster analysis based on genetic distance and population genetic structure analysis classified the germplasm resources into four genetic groups, revealing significant subpopulation differentiation characteristics. According to the generalized linear model (GLM) association analysis, 13 markers were found to be highly significantly associated (P<0.01) with 10 phenotypic traits, including plant shape, length of current year branches, flower type, and number of pistils. The explanatory power of phenotypic variation ranged from 0.3735 to 0.7254, with the marker Ps067 having the highest explanation rate of 0.7254, which was related to the color of stamen anthers; and the marker Ps029 with the lowest explanation rate of 0.3735, related to number of pistils. This study conducted an association analysis between phenotypic traits and molecular markers of wild and cultivated tree peony varieties for the first time, and identified 13 molecular markers that are highly significantly associated with 10 phenotypic traits. These findings can provide theoretical support for parental selection in hybridization, allele mining, and molecular marker-assisted breeding, thereby facilitating the targeted cultivation of new tree peony cultivars with ornamental characteristics.

Key words: tree peony, SSR markers, phenotypic traits, genetic diversity, population genetic structure, association analysis

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