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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (19): 107-113.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0285

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于熵权法的赣抚平原灌区干渠水生态健康研究与应用

梁举1(), 苏甜1(), 廖伟2, 刘方平1, 章富君1   

  1. 1 江西省灌溉试验中心站, 南昌 330201
    2 江西省林业科学院, 南昌 330032
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-07 修回日期:2026-07-24 出版日期:2026-10-15 发布日期:2026-10-15
  • 通讯作者:
    苏甜,女,1989年出生,河南焦作人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事农村水环境研究。通信地址:330201 江西省南昌市南昌县向塘镇银河东路309号,E-mail:。
  • 作者简介:

    梁举,男,1979年出生,江西南昌人,工程师,本科,主要从事农田水利研究。通信地址:330201 江西省南昌市南昌县向塘镇银河东路309号,E-mail:。

  • 基金资助:
    江西省水利厅水利科技项目“赣抚平原灌区渠系末端主要污染物分布及溯源研究”(202425YBKT21); “节水抗旱稻灌溉制度及节水效应研究”(202526YBKT22); 江西省林业科学院基础研究与科技成果转化专项“小微湿地保护建设可持续管理研究与推广示范”(2025521602)

Research and Application of Water Ecological Health of Main Canal in Ganfu Plain Irrigation District Based on Entropy Weight Method

LIANG Ju1(), SU Tian1(), LIAO Wei2, LIU Fangping1, ZHANG Fujun1   

  1. 1 Jiangxi Center Station of Irrigation Experiment, Nanchang 330201
    2 Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032
  • Received:2026-04-07 Revised:2026-07-24 Published:2026-10-15 Online:2026-10-15

摘要:

研究旨在推动传统灌区向生态灌区转型,为灌区的可持续发展提供决策支持和实践参考。以赣抚平原灌区的干渠水系为研究对象,构建一套基于熵权法的水生态健康综合评价体系。该体系通过整合水质(溶解氧、总磷等)、底栖动物群落结构及生境质量(HQI)3类共8项评价指标,建立5级分级评价标准。研究结合野外实地调查与熵权法定量分析法,对灌区干渠水生态健康状况进行量化评估。结果表明,研究区域水生态健康整体处于“一般”至“良好”等级(综合评分52~77分)。其中,抚河故道因生境完整性和生物多样性优势表现突出(评分82分,等级为“健康”)。本研究首次将生境质量参数系统性引入灌区评价体系,有效揭示了渠系水生态健康的空间异质性特征。尽管该评价体系存在季节性采样差距和区域标准差异等局限性,但其评价结果一定程度上能客观反映灌区内干渠的实际水生态健康状况,也为鄱阳湖流域水生态安全的整体保障提供了技术支撑与决策参考。

关键词: 灌区, 干渠, 生态健康, 生物多样性, 熵权法

Abstract:

This research aims to facilitate the gradual transition of traditional irrigation districts into ecological ones, offering decision-making support and references for their sustainable development. Focusing on the main canals of the Ganfu Plain Irrigation District, this study established a comprehensive water ecological health assessment system based on the entropy weight method. The assessment framework integrates eight indicators categorized into three groups: water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, etc.), benthic macroinvertebrate community structure, and habitat quality (HQI), and a corresponding five-level grading standard was established. Combining field investigations and quantitative analysis via the entropy weight method, the study achieved an objective and quantitative evaluation of the water ecological health status of the irrigation canals. The results showed that the overall water ecological health of the study area was at the fair-good grade (comprehensive score: 52-77). Among the sampling sections, the old Fuhe River section performed excellently (score: 82, rated as great) due to its superior habitat integrity and biodiversity. This study is the first to systematically incorporate habitat quality parameters into an ecological assessment framework for irrigation districts, effectively revealing the spatial heterogeneity of water ecological health along the canal system. Despite limitations related to seasonal sampling bias and regional standard variations, the results objectively reflect the actual water ecological conditions of the main canals in the irrigation district. The findings provide a scientific basis for environmental management and ecological restoration of irrigation districts, and offer technical support and decision-making references for safeguarding water ecological security in the Poyang Lake Basin.

Key words: irrigation district, main canal, ecological health, biodiversity, entropy weight method

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