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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (28): 56-67.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0001

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

成都平原精华灌区农田生态系统调查评价研究

陈祖荧1(), 敬发铭1(), 陈达1(), 徐争强2, 秦诗律1, 赵利2   

  1. 1 成都市土地整治和生态修复中心,成都 610000
    2 四川省核地质调查研究所,成都 610000
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-19 修回日期:2025-06-12 出版日期:2025-10-05 发布日期:2025-10-10
  • 通讯作者:
    敬发铭,男,1986年出生,四川遂宁人,硕士,研究方向:土地综合整治和生态保护修复。通信地址:610031 成都市青羊区光华街道家园路3号 成都市土地整治和生态修复中心,E-mail:
    陈达,男,1995年出生,四川达州人,硕士,研究方向:土地综合整治和生态保护修复。通信地址:610031 成都市青羊区光华街道家园路3号 成都市土地整治和生态修复中心,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    陈祖荧,女,1990年出生,四川成都人,硕士,研究方向:土地综合整治和生态保护修复。通信地址:610031 成都市青羊区光华街道家园路3号 成都市土地整治和生态修复中心;Tel:028-87320086,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    2024年度四川省自然资源厅“揭榜挂帅”遴选课题“四川省国土综合整治监测监管技术体系研究”(ZDKJ-2024-005)

Investigation and Evaluation of Farmland Ecosystem in Essence Irrigation District of Chengdu Plain

CHEN Zuying1(), JING Faming1(), CHEN Da1(), XU Zhengqiang2, QIN Shilyu1, ZHAO Li2   

  1. 1 Land Consolidation and Ecological Restoration Center of Chengdu City, Chengdu 610000
    2 Sichuan Institute of Nuclear Geological Survey, Chengdu 610000
  • Received:2024-12-19 Revised:2025-06-12 Published:2025-10-05 Online:2025-10-10

摘要: 成都平原是打造天府粮仓的核心区,其耕地保护对国家粮食安全具有重要意义。以成都平原精华灌区典型区域为研究对象,针对该区域农田生态系统进行调查评价。通过综合运用遥感技术、实地调查和模型分析等多种方法,搜集、获取研究区农田生态系统的本底数据。利用层次分析法(AHP)、熵权法和专家打分法,构建生态格局、生态健康、生态安全和生态服务功能4个维度的评价指标体系,并确定各指标权重。结果表明:(1)2019—2022年研究区耕地面积呈现先减少后增加的趋势,表明耕地保护工作初见成效,农田生态环境本底状况良好。(2)研究区农田景观破碎化问题显著,产权权属、道路阻隔分切等因素导致耕地连片度较低,农村人口人均耕地仅为0.08 hm2,不利于农业规模化、机械化发展。(3)研究区农田生态系统整体状况较好,其中生态系统状况良好和中等的面积占比为98.05%,生态安全等级为安全和较安全的农田面积占比78.42%,生态健康等级为健康和较健康的面积占比95.55%,生态服务价值较高,适宜开展农业生产。本研究构建的评价方法可为成都平原耕地保护、质量提升和天府粮仓建设提供科学依据,并为其他区域农田生态系统评价研究提供参考。

关键词: 成都平原, 精华灌区, 农田生态系统, 生态本底, 指标体系, 调查评价

Abstract:

The Chengdu Plain serves as the core area for constructing the ‘Tianfu Granary’, and the protection of cultivated land is of great significance to national food security. This paper took a typical area within the essence irrigation district of Chengdu Plain as an example, employing various investigation and analysis methods to collect baseline data on the farmland ecosystem in the study area. An evaluation system was established focusing on ecological patterns, ecological health, ecological safety and ecological services, and corresponding indicators were defined. Decision weights were calculated using methods such as analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy weight method and expert scoring. Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the farmland ecosystem in the essence irrigation district were then conducted. The results showed that: (1) from 2019 to 2022, the area of cultivated land in the study area showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing, indicating that the protection of cultivated land had achieved initial success, and the background of farmland ecological environment was in good condition; (2) the fragmentation of farmland landscape in the study area was prominent, mainly due to factors such as property rights and road barriers, which lead to a low degree of cultivated land connectivity. The rural population per capita farmland was only 0.08 hm2, which is not conducive to the development of agricultural scale and mechanization; (3) the overall condition of the farmland ecosystem in the study area was relatively good, with 98.05% of the land in good or moderate condition, 78.42% classified as safe or relatively safe, and 95.55% rated as healthy or relatively healthy. The high ecological service value made it suitable for agricultural production. The research methodology and findings could provide reference for the protection of cultivated land, quality improvement and the construction of ‘Tianfu granary’ in Chengdu Plain, and provide reference for the evaluation of farmland ecosystem in other regions.

Key words: Chengdu Plain, essence irrigation district, farmland ecosystem, ecological baseline, index system investigation and evaluation