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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (22): 110-114.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0654

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

陕西省蔬菜园区灌溉水质调查与分析

蒋丽媛1(), 赵伟1(), 杨圆圆1, 张凯1, 杨兆森1, 陈志杰2   

  1. 1 渭南市农业技术推广中心，陕西渭南 714000
    2 陕西省生物农业研究所，西安 710043
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-29 修回日期:2022-10-11 出版日期:2023-08-05 发布日期:2023-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 赵伟，女，1984年出生，河北晋州人，正高级农艺师，博士，主要从事植物营养与调控及水肥一体化研究。通信地址：714000 陕西渭南临渭区东风大街60号，Tel：0913-2025175，E-mail：wei123278@163.com。
  • 作者简介:

    蒋丽媛，女，1992年出生，陕西渭南人，农艺师，硕士研究生，主要从事蔬菜栽培技术研究。通信地址：714000 陕西渭南临渭区东风大街60号，Tel：0913-2338575，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省科技厅创新人才推进计划-青年科技新星项目“渭南设施园区灌溉水质调查及设施蔬菜对不同电导率灌溉水的响应”(2020KJXX-014); 渭南市首批“特支计划”人才培育工程“设施蔬菜优良品种引进及综合配套技术集成与示范”(20200033)

Irrigation Water Quality in Vegetable Planting Parks of Shaanxi Province: Survey and Analysis

JIANG Liyuan1(), ZHAO Wei1(), YANG Yuanyuan1, ZHANG Kai1, YANG Zhaosen1, CHEN Zhijie2   

  1. 1 Weinan Agro-tech Extension and Service Center, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000
    2 Bio-agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an 710043
  • Received:2022-07-29 Revised:2022-10-11 Online:2023-08-05 Published:2023-07-28

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摘要：

以陕西省设施蔬菜主要种植园区灌溉水为研究对象，分析灌溉水的电导率(EC)、pH及主要阴阳离子构成(Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-、NO3-)。结果表明，陕西省主要蔬菜园区灌溉水EC值平均为1.07 dS/m，关中中东部咸阳、西安、渭南3个地市及陕北的定边、吴起县灌溉水EC值偏高，其中蒲城县、大荔县、吴起县一些采样点EC值在2.4~3.9 dS/m，陕南及关中西部EC值较低，多处在0~0.6 dS/m。灌溉水平均pH 7.36，符合农田灌溉水水质标准要求。灌溉水的全盐量与电导率呈极显著性相关关系，相关性系数为0.927，关中中东部咸阳、西安、渭南3个地市40.6%园区灌溉水全盐量超过1000 mg/L(1.35 dS/m)。灌溉水主要阳离子浓度排序为Na+>Mg2+>Ca2+>K+，其中Na+占测定阳离子总量的62%，平均值为254.6 mg/L，阴离子排序为SO42->Cl->NO3->SO42-，其中SO42-占测定阴离子总量的63%，平均值为454.99 mg/L。灌溉水EC值与Na+、K+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-均表现为极显著相关性。可见，陕西关中中东部部分地区灌溉水盐分含量较高，且主要离子组成为Na+、K+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-，建议根据园区的灌水质量选种合适蔬菜品种。

关键词: 灌溉水, EC值, 阴阳离子, 陕西省

Abstract:

By taking the irrigation water in main planting parks of facility vegetables in Shaanxi Province as the research object, we conducted an analysis on the electrical conductivity (EC), pH and the composition of main cations and anions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42- and NO3-) of irrigation water. The results showed that the average EC value of irrigation water in main vegetable planting parks in Shaanxi Province was 1.07 dS/m, and the EC value of irrigation water in Xianyang, Xi’an and Weinan in the central and eastern regions of Guanzhong as well as Dingbian and Wuqi in northern Shaanxi were relatively high. The EC value of irrigation water in some sampling points in Pucheng, Dali and Wuqi was in a range of 2.4-3.9 dS/m, and the EC value of irrigation water in southern Shaanxi and the west of Guanzhong were relatively low, mostly at 0-0.6 dS/m. The average pH of irrigation water was pH 7.36, which met the requirements of farmland irrigation water quality standard. There was a significant correlation between the total salt content and electrical conductivity of irrigation water, and the correlation coefficient was 0.927. The total salt content of irrigation water exceeded 1000 mg/L (1.35 dS/m) in 40.6% of the planting parks in Xianyang, Xi’an and Weinan in the central and eastern regions of Guanzhong. The concentration order of main cations in irrigation water was Na+>Mg2+>Ca2+>K+, in which Na+ accounted for 62% of the total measured cations, with an average value of 254.6 mg/L; and the concentration order of anions was SO42->Cl->NO3->SO42-, in which SO42- accounted for 63% of the total measured anions, with an average value of 454.99 mg/L. The EC value of irrigation water was significantly correlated with Na+, K+, Mg2+, Cl- and SO42-. In summary, the salt content of irrigation water in the central and eastern regions of Guanzhong is high, and the main ion components are Na+, K+, Mg2+, Cl- and SO42-. It is suggested to select appropriate vegetable varieties according to the irrigation water quality of the planting park.

Key words: irrigation water, EC value, anion and cation, Shaanxi Province