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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (22): 104-109.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0596

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

废弃菌渣发酵条件优化研究

刘奇1,2(), 张靖宇1,2, 王晟2,3, 张乃明1,2()   

  1. 1 云南农业大学资源与环境学院，昆明 650201
    2 云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程研究中心，昆明 650201
    3 云南农业大学植物保护学院，昆明 650201
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-21 修回日期:2022-12-27 出版日期:2023-08-05 发布日期:2023-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 张乃明，男，1963年出生，山西长治人，教授，博士，主要从事土壤学和环境科学研究。通信地址：650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号 云南农业大学，E-mail：zhangnaiming@sina.com。
  • 作者简介:

    刘奇，男，1996年出生，吉林长春人，在读硕士，研究方向：农业环境保护。通信地址：650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号 云南农业大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省科技厅“高原特色食用菌综合开发关键技术及产业化示范”(202002AE320003)

Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Waste Fungus Residue

LIU Qi1,2(), ZHANG Jingyu1,2, WANG Sheng2,3, ZHANG Naiming1,2()   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
    2 Yunnan Soil Fertilizer and Pollution Repair Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650201
    3 College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
  • Received:2022-07-21 Revised:2022-12-27 Online:2023-08-05 Published:2023-07-28

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摘要：

为实现废弃菌渣的资源化利用，探究不同废弃菌渣配方转化为育苗基质的适宜发酵条件。本研究以杏鲍菇废弃菌渣为主要原料，在尽量少添加辅料的情况下，通过对废弃菌渣发酵期间温度、含水率、pH、EC值、发芽指数及发酵前后养分指标的变化等判断废弃菌渣腐熟度。结果表明：（1）发酵结束时5种配方均符合育苗基质标准（含水率≤35%），且种子发芽指数均高于85%，可用作育苗基质。（2）废弃菌渣作为蔬菜育苗基质前期发酵处理时宜采用的发酵初始条件为含水率控制在60%左右，碳氮比调节至25:1左右。（3）5种配方中，不添加外部氮源的纯菌渣发酵配方和添加尿素的发酵配方的发酵效果最好，且更符合成本节约的原则。

关键词: 废弃菌渣, 模拟实验, 发酵条件, 菌渣配方, 资源化利用

Abstract:

The paper aims to realize the resource utilization of waste fungus residue, and to explore the suitable fermentation conditions for different waste fungus residue formulas into seedling substrate. In this study, the waste fungus residue of Pleurotus eryngii was used as the main raw material. Under the condition of adding as little supplementary materials as possible, the spoilage degree of waste fungus residue was determined by temperature, moisture content, pH value, EC value, germination index and nutrient indexes before and after fermentation. The main results were as follows. (1) At the end of fermentation, the five formulas all met the standard of seedling substrate (moisture content ≤35%), and the seed germination index was higher than 85%, so the formulas could be used as seedling substrates. (2) The initial fermentation conditions for waste fungus residue as vegetable seedling substrate were as follows: the moisture content was controlled at about 60%, and the C/N ratio was adjusted to about 25:1. (3) Among the five formulas, pure fungus residue fermentation formula without external nitrogen source and fermentation formula with urea had the best fermentation result and were better in line with the principle of cost saving.

Key words: waste fungus residue, simulation experiment, fermentation conditions, fungus residue formula, resource utilization