欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 17-24.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0656

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

重庆中山区域玉米-大豆带状复合种植玉米品种筛选

董逸飞1,2(), 冯云超1,2(), 高梦洋1,2, 谭淳1,2, 向振凡1,2, 羊炼1,2, 黄美瑕1,2, 晏庆九1,2, 霍仕平1,2   

  1. 1 重庆三峡农业科学院,重庆万州 404155
    2 重庆三峡学院,重庆万州 404100
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-31 修回日期:2025-02-15 出版日期:2025-08-19 发布日期:2025-08-19
  • 通讯作者:
    冯云超,男,1983年出生,四川丹棱人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事玉米遗传育种研究。通信地址:404155 重庆市万州区厦门路600号 重庆三峡农业科学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    董逸飞,男,1998年出生,陕西宝鸡人,在读研究生,研究方向:玉米遗传育种。通信地址:404155 重庆市万州区百安坝街道天星路666号 重庆三峡学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    重庆市科技攻关计划项目“肥高效利用和镉低积累玉米种质创制与应用”(CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0006); 重庆市科企联合体项目“优质玉米资源收集利用与基因型试验示范”(2021-2025); 重庆市玉米产业体系:耕作栽培功能研究室(CQMAITS2402)

Screening of Maize Varieties for Maize-soybean Strip Compound Planting in Zhongshan Region of Chongqing

DONG Yifei1,2(), FENG Yunchao1,2(), GAO Mengyang1,2, TAN Chun1,2, XIANG Zhenfan1,2, YANG Lian1,2, HUANG Meixia1,2, YAN Qingjiu1,2, HUO Shiping1,2   

  1. 1 Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404155
    2 Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404100
  • Received:2024-10-31 Revised:2025-02-15 Published:2025-08-19 Online:2025-08-19

摘要:

研究旨在为重庆中山区域推广玉米-大豆复合种植提供适宜玉米品种,以24个玉米品种和‘渝豆11’为试验材料,带状复合种植采用间作模式4:2(4行大豆:2行玉米)配置,比较了玉米-大豆带状复合种植下不同玉米品种的农艺性状、产量及其组成性状和大豆产量及其组成性状。结果表明:玉米-大豆带状复合种植模式下不同玉米品种植株性状存在较大的差异,空杆率变异系数为74.13%,倒伏率变异系数大于100%,说明在品种间植株倒伏率、空杆率差异较大;籽粒产量与穗粗、行粒数、百粒重、容重及籽粒长均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与空杆率呈极显著负相关,与秃尖呈显著负相关;穗长、穗行数及百粒重对籽粒产量直接通径系数达到了0.484、0.272、0.334,说明对籽粒产量具有直接影响作用。‘先玉1171’、‘科大202’、‘劲单9号’、‘三峡玉23’、‘晶玉719’产量较高,分别为10790.65、10034.5、9780.23、9595.40、9442.72 kg/hm2,增幅依次为45.31%、35.13%、31.7%、28.73%、26.54%。‘渝豆11’与不同玉米品种间带状复合种植产量及其组成性状差异显著,除‘晶玉719’(618.84 kg/hm2)外,其余玉米品种种植下大豆产量较对照均有所减产;其中,与‘西大889’、‘先玉1171’、‘渝单32’、‘艾禾玉058’、‘荣玉丰赞’和‘三峡玉23’带状复合种植模大豆产量减产幅度相对较低,依次为-2.86%、-6.41%、-7.09%、-7.15%、-8.54%和 -8.7%。综合分析‘先玉1171’、‘三峡玉23’、‘晶玉719’3个品种综合性状表现较好、产量较高,且对大豆产量影响较小,适合重庆中山区域玉米-大豆带状复合种植。

关键词: 重庆中山区域, 玉米-大豆带状复合种植, 玉米, 大豆, 产量, 品种筛选

Abstract:

This study aimed to identify suitable maize varieties for maize-soybean strip intercropping promotion in the hilly areas of Chongqing. Using 24 maize varieties and the soybean variety ‘Yudou 11’ as experimental materials, with a 4:2 row ratio configuration of soybean to maize, the agronomic traits, yield and component traits of different maize varieties were compared, as well as the yield and component traits of soybeans under maize-soybean strip composite planting. The results revealed significant variations in maize plant characteristics under the intercropping system, with coefficient of variation (CV) reaching 74.13% for barren plants and over 100% for lodging rate, indicating substantial genotypic differences. Grain yield showed significant positive correlations with ear diameter, kernels per row, 100-kernel weight, bulk density and kernel length (P<0.05), while demonstrating highly significant negative correlations with barren plant rate and a significant negative correlations with ear tip barrenness. Path analysis showed the direct path coefficient for grain yield in ear length (0.484), kernel rows per ear (0.272), and 100-kernel weight (0.334) had direct positive effects on grain yield. The yield of 'Xianyu 1171', 'Keda 202', 'Jindan 9', 'Sanxiayu 23' and 'Jingyu 719' in all aspects of the performance was better, which were 10790.65 kg/hm2, 10034.5 kg/hm2, 9780.23 kg/hm2, 9595.40 kg/hm2 and 9442.72 kg/hm2, respectively, with an increase of 45.31%, 35.13%, 31.7%, 28.73% and 26.54%, respectively compared to the control. Significant differences were observed in the yield and yield components of 'Yudou 11' when intercropped with different maize varieties. Except for 'Jingyu 719' (618.84 kg/hm2), soybean yields intercropped with other maize varieties showed reductions compared to the control. Among them, the reductions in soybean yield were relatively lower when intercropped with 'Xida 889', 'Xianyu 1171', 'Yudan 32', 'Aiheyu 058', 'Rongyufengzan', and 'Sanxiayu 23', with reductions of 2.86%, 6.41%, 7.09%, 7.15%, 8.54%, and 8.7%, respectively. Comprehensive analysis identified 'Xianyu 1171', 'Sanxiayu 23', and 'Jingyu 719' as optimal varieties, which demonstrated superior agronomic performance, higher maize yields, and minimal negative impacts on soybean productivity, and making them suitable for maize-soybean strip intercropping systems in Chongqing's hilly regions.

Key words: Zhongshan area of Chongqing, corn-soybean strip compound planting, corn, soybean, yield, variety screening