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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18): 77-85.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0646

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

稻田土壤微生物固碳途径的研究进展

张宗洋(), 刘春光()   

  1. 黑龙江大学生命科学学院/农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心/黑龙江省寒地生态修复与资源利用重点实验室/黑龙江省普通高校微生物重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-05 修回日期:2025-12-11 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-24
  • 通讯作者:
    刘春光,女,1982年出生,黑龙江哈尔滨人,高级实验师,博士,主要从事长残效除草剂的微生物降解与土壤修复方面的研究。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号,Tel:0451-86608586,E-mail:。
  • 作者简介:

    张宗洋,男,2001年出生,山东聊城人,硕士研究生,主要从事长残效除草剂的微生物降解与土壤修复方面的研究。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号,Tel:0451-86608586,E-mail:。

  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省高校基本科研业务费黑龙江大学专项资金项目(2025-KYYWF-ZR0370)

Research Progress on Carbon Sequestration Pathway of Paddy Soil Microorganisms

ZHANG Zongyang(), LIU Chunguang()   

  1. Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education/ Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region/ Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province/ School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2025-08-05 Revised:2025-12-11 Published:2026-09-25 Online:2026-09-24

摘要:

全球变暖不断加剧,由土壤排入大气层的温室气体如甲烷(CH4)、二氧化碳(CO2)、一氧化二氮(N2O)等浓度持续攀升,使得控制温室气体排放的重要性愈发凸显。稻田土壤作为温室气体重要源和汇,在全球碳、氮循环中具有关键作用,因此,稻田土壤固碳减排的研究受到了广泛关注。为应对全球变暖下温室气体排放控制需求,本综述旨在明确稻田土壤在碳氮循环中的关键作用,并为其固碳减排提供参考。本文归纳了温室气体的分类、成因及其在全球变暖中的危害,总结了稻田土壤固碳微生物的研究现状,涵盖了微生物固定CO2、氧化CH4及甲烷氧化微生物与反硝化代谢耦合等方面,还分析了该领域现有研究的成果与不足。指出当前研究存在的主要问题:(1)稻田土壤固碳微生物的群落特征、固碳潜力及关键影响因素的研究不够深入;(2)在气候变化等新背景下,土壤微生物的固碳响应机制尚不明确;(3)农业生产措施对土壤固碳微生物的影响机制研究需进一步加强。

关键词: 稻田土壤, 全球变暖, 固碳, 碳氮耦合, 土壤微生物

Abstract:

Global warming is intensifying, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases released from soils into the atmosphere, such as methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O), are increasing, making the control of greenhouse gas emissions more important. Paddy soil, as a significant source and sink of greenhouse gases, plays a crucial role in the global carbon and nitrogen cycles; consequently, research on carbon sequestration and emission reduction in paddy soils has attracted widespread attention. To address the demand for greenhouse gas emission control under global warming and to clarify the key role of paddy-field soil in carbon and nitrogen cycling while providing references for its carbon sequestration and emission reduction, this review summarizes the classifications, mechanisms, and hazards of greenhouse gases associated with global warming, outlines the current status of research on carbon sequestration-related microbiology in paddy soils (including microbial fixation of CO2, oxidation of CH4, methane-oxidizing microorganisms, and their coupling with denitrification metabolism), and analyzes the achievements and gaps in the field. The main issues in current research are identified: (1) investigations into the community characteristics, sequestration potential, and driving factors of carbon-sequestering microorganisms in paddy soil are not sufficiently in-depth; (2) under new contexts such as climate change, the mechanisms by which soil microbiota respond to carbon sequestration remain unclear; (3) the effects of human agricultural practices on soil carbon-sequestering microorganisms require further investigation.

Key words: paddy soil, global warming, carbon sequestration, carbon-nitrogen coupling, soil microorganism

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