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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 206-210.

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

野生濒危药材胡黄连的驯化栽培技术研究

陈翠 郭承刚 康平德 汤王外 徐中志 杨少华   

  • 收稿日期:2011-09-30 修回日期:2011-12-04 出版日期:2012-02-05 发布日期:2012-02-05
  • 基金资助:

    云南省科技攻关项目：重要濒危药材（胡黄连）引种驯化和规范化种植关键技术研究与示范

Study on the Cultivation Technology of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell

  • Received:2011-09-30 Revised:2011-12-04 Online:2012-02-05 Published:2012-02-05

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摘要：

研究野生胡黄连驯化栽培技术，为胡黄连人工栽培提供理论依据。采用单因素试验研究了种植时间、覆膜、遮荫对胡黄连生长的影响。通过正交试验研究了密度、肥料、采收期对胡黄连产量的影响。提出胡黄连人工栽培适宜措施。采用分株繁殖的胡黄连适宜种植时间为2~3年，适宜遮荫和覆黑色地膜可提高胡黄连存活率，促进胡黄连生长。高产栽培最适措施为：种植密度20 cm×30 cm，每公顷施用30000 kg腐熟农家肥和600 kg复合肥；采用追肥、底肥各施1/2；10月采收。胡黄连产量的主要影响因子是密度及肥料的施用量。

关键词: 组培, 组培

Abstract:

The domesticating technology of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell was studied in order to provide theoretical bases for the artificial cultivation. The single-factor tests were usedt to study the effects of cultivating measures such as planting years, shading and plastic mulching on the growth of P. scrophulariiflora; by using orthogonal design to study the effects of density, fertilizer, harvesting-time on the output of P. scrophulariiflora. The suitable cultivating measures were proposed. The suitable cultivating period for cutting multiplication was 2-3 years. Fitting shading and black-plastic mulching could increase the survival percentage and yield of P. scrophulariiflora. The most suitable cultivating measures for high-yielding were as follows: density 20 cm×30 cm, farmyard manure 30000 kg plus compound fertilizer 600 kg per hectare; fertilizing method base-fertilizer 1/2 and after manuring 1/2, harvesting time in October. The critical factors affecting the yield were density and fertilizer amount.