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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (29): 120-124.

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

蚯蚓干粉对幼刺参生长、消化和免疫力的影响

白燕 王维新 迟进坤   

  • 收稿日期:2012-07-15 修回日期:2012-08-04 出版日期:2012-10-15 发布日期:2012-10-15
  • 基金资助:

    辽宁省农业科技攻关项目“刺参无公害免疫抗菌物质的筛选及绿色新型饲料的开发与应用

Influence of Dried Earthworm Powder on Growth, Digestive Abilityand Immunity of Juvenile Sea Cucumber Apostichopus Japonicus

  • Received:2012-07-15 Revised:2012-08-04 Online:2012-10-15 Published:2012-10-15

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摘要：

为探讨蚯蚓粉对幼刺参生长性能、消化酶活性与非特异免疫功能的影响。以鱼粉作为对照，用蚯蚓干粉以20%、40%、60%、80%的比例替代鱼粉,配制5组等蛋白质水平(18.6%)的饲料，对幼刺参进行30天的饲养。结果表明：对照组幼刺参特定生长率和存活率均显著低于其他组(P<0.05)；20%与40%蚯蚓干粉替代组幼参的蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶、纤维素酶的活性与酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、总超氧化物歧化酶的活性均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)；随着蚯蚓干粉替代鱼粉比例的递增，各个评价指标均呈现回落趋势，且与对照组相比，以60%蚯蚓干粉替代鱼粉对幼参的总超氧化物歧化酶活性有明显的抑制作用(P<0.05)，而以80%蚯蚓干粉替代鱼粉对幼参的蛋白酶和所有免疫酶的活性均有显著的负面影响(P<0.05)。试验表明：蚯蚓干粉以适当比例替代鱼粉可以显著提高幼刺参的消化酶活性和免疫酶活性以及成活率，具有促生长作用，建议在幼参的饲料中以20%的蚯蚓干粉替代鱼粉。

关键词: 环境质量, 环境质量

Abstract:

To investigate the influence of dried earthworm powder (DEP) on growth performance, activity of digestive enzymes and immunity of juvenile Sea Cucumber Apostichopus Japonicus (SCAJ), five kinds of feeds at the same protein level (18.6%) were prepared by using DEP to replace fish meal at four levels of 20% (20DEP), 40% (40DEP), 60% (60DEP) and 80% (80DEP), with 100% fish meal as a control group. A 30-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the feeding effect of juvenile SCAJ fed with the five formulated feeds. The results showed that SGR (specific growth rate) and RS (survival rate) of juvenile SCAJ in the control group were significantly lower than those of juvenile SCAJ in the other groups (P<0.05); Activity of protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase and ACP, AKP, T-SOD of juvenile SCAJ fed with 20DEP and 40DEP was all extremely higher than those of juvenile SCAJ in control group (P<0.01); Along with the percents of DEP substituting for fish meal increasing gradually, all of the evaluation indexes fell back, and in contrast with the control group, 60 DEP substitution for fish meal suppressed greatly T-SOD activity of juvenile SCAJ (P<0.05); what's more, 80 DEP substitution for fish mea impaired observably activity of protease and immunoenzyme of juvenile SCAJ (P<0.05). The results indicated that to juvenile SCAJ, 20% DEP substitution for fish mea can promote growth, improve activity of digestive enzymes and enhance disease resistance.