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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (14): 112-118.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15110093

所属专题： 水稻

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施肥制度对稻田耕层土壤的环境质量效应

王 飞1,秦方锦1,吴丹亚2,齐 琳1   

  1. (1宁波市种植业管理总站,浙江宁波 315000；2宁波市农业监测中心,浙江宁波 315000）
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-17 修回日期:2016-04-27 接受日期:2016-01-13 出版日期:2016-05-17 发布日期:2016-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 王飞
  • 基金资助:
    宁波市科技局重大项目“养殖源有机肥的环境风险评估及安全使用关键技术研究与示范”(2013C11024)。

Effects of Different Fertilization Systems on Environment Quality of Paddy Soil

Wang Fei1, Qin Fangjin1, Wu Danya2, Qi Lin1   

  1. (1Planting Management Station of Ningbo, Ningbo Zhejiang 315000;2Agriculture Monitoring Center of Ningbo, Ningbo Zhejiang 315000)
  • Received:2015-11-17 Revised:2016-04-27 Accepted:2016-01-13 Online:2016-05-17 Published:2016-05-17

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摘要： 利用不同施肥制度的4年定位试验数据，研究源自规模养殖场猪粪便的有机肥、沼液肥对稻田耕层土壤pH，汞、镉、铬、铅、镍、砷、铜、锌含量的影响及产生的环境质量效应。结果显示：施用有机肥、沼液肥对土壤pH有调节作用，有机肥的调酸效果好于沼液肥，高量有机肥的调酸效果好于中量施用；施用有机肥、沼液肥对土壤镉、铬、砷、汞、铅、镍含量无明显影响，但铜、锌积累明显。施用有机肥、沼液肥对土壤环境质量影响大于施用化肥；当有机肥年投入量为22500 kg/hm2时，连续4年施用即可造成稻田土壤铜、锌污染；当有机肥投入量为11250 kg/hm2或沼液肥年投入量为225 000~450000kg/hm2时，也能使稻田土壤处于污染的警戒范围。初步认为，11250 kg/hm2有机肥、450 000 kg/hm2沼液肥可作为推荐施肥用量，但应避免在同一地块连续施用。

关键词: 湖水, 湖水, 低温菌, 鉴定, 功能酶

Abstract: The effects of organic and biogas slurry fertilizer from pig manure of a large scale farm on paddy soil pH, Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, As, Cu and Zn content and environment quality were studied based on data from a 4-year location test of different fertilization systems. The results showed that the application of organic and biogas slurry fertilizer regulated soil pH, the regulation effect of organic fertilizer on acid was better than that of biogas slurry fertilizer, and the regulate effect of high amount organic fertilizer on acid was better than that of medium amount organic fertilizer. The application of organic and biogas slurry fertilizer had no obvious effect on soil Cd, Cr, As, Hg, Pb and Ni content, but the accumulation of Cu and Zn was obvious. In terms of the influence on soil environment quality, the application of organic and biogas slurry fertilizer had more effect than that of chemical fertilizer, the pollution of Cu and Zn in soil could be caused by 4-year application of organic fertilizer with the application amount of 22500 kg/hm2 per year. The pollution might be in an alert range when organic fertilizer application amount was 11250 kg/hm2 or biogas slurry fertilizer application amount was 225 000~ 450000 kg/hm2. The recommended application amount was organic fertilizer 11250 kg/hm2 and biogas slurry fertilizer 450000 kg/hm2, and consecutive application in the same field should be avoided.