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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (19): 14-20.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0798

所属专题： 油料作物； 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同地区银杏古树开花生物学特性研究2—— 花药及花粉生物学特征分析

王国霞 王玉忠 曹福亮 杨玉珍 张晓燕   

  • 收稿日期:2013-03-21 修回日期:2013-05-20 出版日期:2013-07-05 发布日期:2013-07-05

Studies on the Biological Character of Flowering of Ancient Male Ginkgo Biloba Trees in Different Areas——2, Analysis on the Characteristics of Anther and Pollen

  • Received:2013-03-21 Revised:2013-05-20 Online:2013-07-05 Published:2013-07-05

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摘要： 本文对我国主要银杏产区的33棵百年以上的银杏古树开花生物学特性进行了研究。研究结果表明：33个银杏古树雄株的花药长在1.53~3.17mm之间，平均为2.54mm；花药宽在0.63~1.55mm之间，平均为1.01mm；花粉长在29.52~ 36.82μm之间，平均为33.49μm；花粉宽在13.69~15.99μm之间，平均为15.23μm；花粉绝对出粉率在12.90%~36.65%之间，平均为23.66%；花粉生活力在53.77%~84.37%之间，平均为73.42%；除绝对出粉率外的其他上述指标方差分析结果表明，在不同单株间均达到极显著差异水平。对不同性状指标进行相关分析的结果表明，2-4年生具花短枝上的花穗、单穗的花药数量、花穗长等性状指标可以作为衡量银杏雄株绝对出粉率的指标。

关键词: 玉米产量, 玉米产量

Abstract: The biological character of flowering were studied in 33 ancient male ginkgo trees which came from main distribution areas of Ginkgo Boliba L in China. The results showed that the anther length of 33 ancient male ginkgo trees ranged from 1.53mm to 3.17mm and the average number was 2.54mm; the width of anther ranged from 0.63mm to 1.55mm and the average number was 1.01mm; the length of pollen ranged from 29.52μm to 36.82μm and the average number was 33.49μm; the width of pollen ranged from 13.69μm to 15.99μm and the average number was 15.23μm; the ratio of pollen productivity ranged from 12.90% to 36.65% and the average number was 23.66%; the vitality of pollen ranged from 53.77% to 84.37% and the average number was 73.42%; variance analysis indicated that differences in all indexes of among 33 ancient male ginkgo trees were significant at 0.01 level except for the ratio of pollen productivity. The result of correlation analysis to 10 indexes showed that the number of flower spikes on short shoot, the anther number of flower spikes and the length of flower spikes could be used as indexes to evaluate the ratio of pollen productivity of male ginkgo trees.