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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 63-68.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14110126

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同配方基质对日光温室辣椒果实品质及产量的影响

王树鹏,王 博,于宏祥,李录山,吴天珍,冯 致,郁继华   

  1. (甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州 730070）
  • 收稿日期:2014-11-20 修回日期:2015-03-04 接受日期:2015-01-20 出版日期:2015-05-05 发布日期:2015-05-05
  • 通讯作者: 郁继华
  • 基金资助:
    农业部公益性行业（农业）专项“西北非耕地园艺作物栽培基质优化配制技术与产业化示范”(201203001)；现代农业产业技术体系专项资金“国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系”(CARS-25-C-07)。

Effects of Different Substrate Formulas on Pepper Fruit Quality and Yield in Solar Greenhouse

Wang Shupeng, Wang Bo, Yu Hongxiang, Li Lushan, Wu Tianzhen, Feng Zhi, Yu Jihua   

  1. (College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070)
  • Received:2014-11-20 Revised:2015-03-04 Accepted:2015-01-20 Online:2015-05-05 Published:2015-05-05

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摘要： 为筛选出适合当地日光温室辣椒的栽培基质，以‘陇椒3号’辣椒为试材，以腐熟的作物秸秆、羊粪、牛粪、菇渣为主要原料，复配草炭、蛭石、河沙，按照不同体积比制成8种不同配方栽培基质，以当地传统基质和商品基质作为对照，研究不同配方基质的理化性状以及对辣椒品质和产量的影响。结果表明：配方G（玉米秆:牛粪:草炭:蛭石:河沙=2:3.5:1:1:2.5）、配方H（玉米秆:牛粪:草炭:河沙=2:3.5:1:3.5）、配方J（玉米秆:牛粪:草炭:蛭石:河沙:菇渣=2:2.5:1:1:2.5:1）基质具有优良的理化性状，其EC、容重、孔隙度、气水比均在最适范围内，通气和持水能力强；并且这3种基质栽培的辣椒果实可溶性糖和Vc含量高，硝酸盐含量符合国家蔬菜标准，品质优异，产量分别为60492.06、59809.52、56939.68 kg/hm2，显著高于传统基质（配方A）。综上所述，G、H、J配方基质理化性状优良，辣椒果实品质良好、产量高，同时以农业废弃物和河沙为主要原料，成本较低，可在当地推广使用。

关键词: 大白菜, 大白菜, 真核生物翻译起始因子异构体, 突变体, 共显性标记

Abstract: The study aimed to provide theoretical and technical basis for the local pepper culture in solar greenhouse by screening different substrate formulas. Using ‘Longjiao No.3’ pepper as test material, eight different substrate formulas was made by adding the different volume ratios of the fermented straw, sheep manure, cattle manure, mushroom residue, peat, vermiculite and river sand. The local traditional and commodity substrate were used as control to study the physical and chemical properties of different substrate formula and their effect on pepper fruit quality and yield. The results indicated that the formula G (corn stalk: cattle manure: peat: vermiculite: river sand=2:3.5:1:1:2.5), H (cornstalk: cattle manure: peat: river sand= 2:3.5:1:3.5), J (cornstalk: cattle manure: peat: vermiculite: river sand: mushroom residue= 2:2.5:1:1:2.5:1) showed excellent air capacity and water retention. The EC, bulk density, total porosity and the air water ratio were in optimum range; the quality of pepper fruit was excellent. The higher soluble sugar and Vc content and lower nitrate content was found in pepper fruit that planted in formula G, H and J. The yield of pepper planted in formula G, H and J was 60492.06, 59809.52 and 56939.68 kg/hm2, respectively, significantly higher than that of pepper planted in formula A (traditional substrate). In summary, G, H and J formulation substrate exhibited excellent physical and chemical properties, good fruit quality and high yield, while the main raw material was from low cost agricultural waste and sand. Therefore, these three substrate formulations can be suitable for local extension.