菜豆A18-1 EMS诱变和突变体库的构建

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191201000

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (35): 14-21.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191201000

所属专题：园艺

菜豆A18-1 EMS诱变和突变体库的构建

秦向凯¹(), 冯国军²(), 刘大军², 刘畅², 杨晓旭², 闫志山²

¹黑龙江大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨 150080
²黑龙江大学农作物研究院,哈尔滨 150080

收稿日期:2019-12-26 修回日期:2020-02-06 出版日期:2020-12-15 发布日期:2020-12-18
通讯作者: 冯国军
作者简介:秦向凯,男,1992年出生,河北邯郸人,硕士,研究方向：寒区作物种质资源创新及利用。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号,E-mail： 1689159534@qq.com。
基金资助:
哈尔滨市高层次人才“东北油豆角全产业链技术研发与开发”(2017RAGXJ003);黑龙江省现代农业产业技术协同创新体系“大宗蔬菜(菜豆)”;黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划重大项目“寒地果菜优质高效栽培技术研究与应用”(GA19B102);黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目“菜豆荚型主效基因的克隆与功能基因的解析”(LH2019C058)

Mutagenesis of Kidney Bean Cultivar A18-1 by EMS and Mutant Library Construction

Qin Xiangkai¹(), Feng Guojun²(), Liu Dajun², Liu Chang², Yang Xiaoxu², Yan Zhishan²

¹College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
²Crop Research Institute, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080

Received:2019-12-26 Revised:2020-02-06 Online:2020-12-15 Published:2020-12-18
Contact: Feng Guojun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)作为重要的经济作物被广泛种植,具有品种繁多、表型差异明显和基因组小的特点,是研究豆类植物基因组功能的重要材料。为了创造更多的变异材料来改良品种和丰富突变体库,以及为将来功能基因组学研究积累材料,用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)处理A18-1菜豆干种子,处理浓度为0.04 mol/L,对2128份M₂单株在整个生长时期进行田间表型筛选,共筛选出107株突变株,占整个筛选群体的5.03%。构建了包括叶、茎、花、荚、株型、育性和熟期等性状变异的突变体,其中叶形叶色相关的突变体数量和类型都为最多,占总突变体数量的27.0%,茎和花及其育性相关的突变体数量相等且均最少,占总突变体数量的10.3%。本试验为构建和创新突变体库提供了新材料,对研究基因组功能和表型之间特异性关系及遗传育种有重要意义。

关键词: 菜豆, EMS, 诱变, 突变体库, 表型筛选

Abstract:

Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as an important economic crop is widely planted. It is characterized by many varieties, obvious phenotypic differences and small genome, and has become an important material for studying the genome function of legume plants. In order to create more mutant materials for improving the varieties and enriching the mutant library, and to accumulate the materials for study genome function of legume plants in the future, dried kidney bean seeds of A18-1 were treated with 0.04 mol/L ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), 2128 M₂ plants were conducted with field phenotype selection during the whole growth period, and 107 mutants were screened, which accounted for 5.03% of the total population. The mutants were constructed with trait variations on leaf, stem, flower, pod, plant type, fertility and maturity. Among them, the number and the type of mutants related to leaf shape and leaf color were the most, accounted for 27.0%. But the number of mutants related to stems, flowers and fertility was equal and the least, taking up 10.3% of total mutants. This experiment could provide new materials for constructing and innovating mutant libraries, and it is of great significance for studying specific relationship between genome function and phenotype as well as genetic breeding.

Key words: kidney bean, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), mutagenesis, mutant library, phenotypic screening

中图分类号:

S643.1

秦向凯, 冯国军, 刘大军, 刘畅, 杨晓旭, 闫志山. 菜豆A18-1 EMS诱变和突变体库的构建[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(35): 14-21.

Qin Xiangkai, Feng Guojun, Liu Dajun, Liu Chang, Yang Xiaoxu, Yan Zhishan. Mutagenesis of Kidney Bean Cultivar A18-1 by EMS and Mutant Library Construction[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(35): 14-21.

图/表 7

突变类型	突变数量	突变率/%	突变性状描述
叶	29	1.36	细长、圆形、黄化、黄化后转绿、白化、深绿
茎	11	0.52	茎粗、茎细、茎酒红色
花及育性	11	0.52	花结构变异、花序异常
荚	19	0.89	荚多、荚变大、绿且弯、小且弯
株型	19	0.89	株高、株矮小、抗性好
熟期	18	0.85	早熟、晚熟、早衰
总计	107	5.03

表1. M2突变体统计及表型描述

图1. 叶形叶色相关的突变体图1-a中红色箭头标识处为突变体材料;图1-c中红色虚线中为突变体材料

图2. 茎形茎色相关的突变体图2-d/e中红色箭头标识处为突变体材料;图2-f中红色框线中为野生型材料

图3. 花及育性突变体

图4. 荚形荚色相关突变体图4-c/d/e中红色箭头标识处为突变体材料

图5. 株型相关突变体

图6. 株型相关突变体

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菜豆A18-1 EMS诱变和突变体库的构建

Mutagenesis of Kidney Bean Cultivar A18-1 by EMS and Mutant Library Construction

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