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中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (27): 126-131.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15030127

所属专题: 油料作物 园艺

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

优质杂交油菜 ‘臻油89’ 特征特性及轻简高效(机播机收)栽培技术研究

田世刚,赵继献 沈奇   

  1. 贵州省油菜研究所,贵州省油菜研究所
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-16 修回日期:2015-08-27 接受日期:2015-07-21 出版日期:2015-09-23 发布日期:2015-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 田世刚
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省星火计划项目 “杂黄籽高蛋白双低杂交油菜新品种臻油 89的试验示范与推广应用” (黔科合农字[2012]5074); 贵州省油菜现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(GZCYTX2013-0802); 贵州省农业动植物育种项目 “适宜轻简化栽培的多主茎油菜新材料的培育” (黔农育专字[2013]019); 贵阳国家高新区院士合作项目 “黄籽双低高油分优质油菜脱皮冷榨加工关键技术研究” (GXYS2013-003); 贵州省农业攻关项目 “甘蓝型隐性核不育三系优质杂交油菜新品种油科一号五化栽培技术研究与应用” (黔科合 NY字[2012]0061)。

Research on Characteristic and Mechanical Cultivation Technique (Mechanical Sowing and Reaping Method) of Quality Hybrid Rapeseed‘Zhenyou 89’

  • Received:2015-03-16 Revised:2015-08-27 Accepted:2015-07-21 Online:2015-09-23 Published:2015-09-23

摘要: 为了研究优质杂交油菜‘臻油89’轻简高效(机播机收)栽培技术措施,开展了‘臻油89’的田间密度和播种试验研究,并结合‘臻油89’特征特性和大量的机播机收实践,总结出适宜‘臻油89’轻简高效(机播机收)栽培的配套技术方案。技术要点是通过合理安排茬口、适时早播(播种期9月20—25日)、培养全苗壮苗、保证种植密度(播种量3.75~4.5kg/hm2,密度22.5万株/hm2~37.5万株/hm2),合理施肥(复合肥600kg/hm2:氮:磷:钾=16:16:16,尿素270kg/hm2,硼肥15kg/hm2),科学防除杂草、及时防治病虫害、适时收获。该研究方案可有效降低油菜生产成本,促进油菜生产的全程机械化,稳定并增加油菜种植面积,是增强国际竞争力的必然选择。

关键词: 盐碱化退耕地, 盐碱化退耕地, 民勤, 植被演替, 重要值, 物种多样性

Abstract: For researching the characteristic and simple and high-effective (mechanical sowing and reaping method) cultivation technique, the field density and sowing test data of‘Zhenyou 89’ , combined with a large number of practices on mechanical sowing and reaping were studied. The important point of the high yield technique was reasonable arrangement of stubbles, early sowing time (seeding time on September 20th to 25th), training full stand strong seedling, ensure planting density (seeding rate by 3.75-4.5 kg/hm2, density of 225- 375 thousand of strains/hm2), rational application of fertilizer (compound fertilizer 600 kg/hm2, containing N:P: K=16:16:16, urea 270 kg/hm2, boric fertilizer 15 kg/hm2), scientific control of weeds, timely prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, suitable harvest time, etc. Mechanical sowing and reaping was simply and high-effectively applied to the production of rapeseed, and could reduce production cost and enhance the international competitiveness.