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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 95-100.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17090095

所属专题： 资源与环境； 农业生态

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

安太堡露天煤矿区复垦地不同植被下草本植物群落生态关系研究

董 倩,李素清   

  1. 山西大学环境与资源学院,山西大学黄土高原研究所
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-18 修回日期:2018-01-31 接受日期:2017-12-22 出版日期:2018-02-26 发布日期:2018-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 李素清
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“黄土高原矿区退化生境土壤-植被协同恢复模式及生态效应研究”(41271531)；山西省第七批百人计划项目 (207521013)。

The Ecological Relationships of Herbaceous Plant Communities Under Different Plantations on the Reclaimed Dumps in Antaibao Opencast Coal Mining Area

  • Received:2017-09-18 Revised:2018-01-31 Accepted:2017-12-22 Online:2018-02-26 Published:2018-02-26

摘要： 为揭示不同植被下草本植物群落与环境因子的关系，本研究采用双向指示种分析(TWlNSPAN)、除趋势对应分析(DCA)、丰富度指数(Pa)、多样性指数(H''、DS)和均匀度指数(JP)方法，对安太堡露天煤矿区排土场复垦地不同植被下草本植物群落进行了数量分类、排序及物种多样性研究。结果显示：（1）TWlNSPAN等级分类将其63 个样方划分为11 个草本植物群丛，分别位于该矿区复垦地不同植被类型下；（2）DCA第一轴反映了植被恢复年限的梯度变化，沿第一轴从左到右，11 个草本植物群丛的恢复年限逐渐缩短；DCA第二轴反映了排土场复垦地地形的梯度变化，沿第二轴从下到上，地形从平台→东北坡，11 个草本植物群丛的物种多样性降低；（3）随着植被恢复年限的增长，11 个草本植物群丛物种多样性从高到低的变化为：平台＞东北坡，乔木林下＞灌丛林下＞草地。研究表明，植被恢复年限、植物种类和地形是影响安太堡露天煤矿区复垦地不同植被下11个草本植物群丛结构和物种多样性的关键因子。

关键词: 东平湖, 东平湖, 水质, 富营养化, 水环境

Abstract: To reveal the relationship between herbaceous plant communities and environmental factors under different plantations, in this paper, the quantitative classification, ordination and species diversity of herbaceous plant communities under different plantations on the reclaimed dumps in Antaibao opencast coal mining area of Shanxi were conducted by using the methods of Two- way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN), Distended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Richness Index (Pa ), Diversity Index (H'' ,DS ) and Evenness Index (JP ). The results showed that: (1) 63 quadrats were classified into 11 herbaceous plant communities (associations) under different plantations on the reclaimed dumps by TWINSPAN; (2) the first DCA axis represented a gradient change of revegetation age, namely, the revegetation age of the 11 herbaceous plant communities gradually decreased from left to right along the first DCA axis; the second DCA axis reflected a gradient change of the terrain on the reclaimed dumps, namely, the terrain shifted from platform to northeast slope and species diversity of the 11 herbaceous plant communities gradually decreased along the second DCA axis from bottom to top; (3) with the increase of revegetation age, the four species diversity indices of the 11 herbaceous plant communities under different plantations gradually decreased from platform to northeast slope and from arbor plantations to shrub and herbs plantations. The results showed that the revegetation age, plant species and terrain were the key factors to affect the structure and diversity of the 11 herbaceous plant communities under different plantations on the reclaimed dumps in Antaibao opencast mining area.