小球藻对罗非鱼养殖水体水质及细菌群落结构的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0287

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 112-120.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0287

所属专题：水产渔业

小球藻对罗非鱼养殖水体水质及细菌群落结构的影响

秦璐¹(), 陈曦², 裘丽萍², 范立民², 宋超², 郑尧², 孟顺龙¹^,², 陈家长¹^,²()

¹南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡 214081
²中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业部长江下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站/中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室,江苏无锡 214081

收稿日期:2020-07-24 修回日期:2020-10-21 出版日期:2021-04-25 发布日期:2021-05-13
通讯作者: 陈家长
作者简介:秦璐,男,1994年出生,山东菏泽人,在读硕士,主要从事渔业生态环境和水产品质量安全方面的研究工作。通信地址：214081 江苏省无锡市滨湖区山水东路9号中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,E-mail： 1332514079@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项“典型湖泊水域净水渔业模式示范”(2020YFD0900500);中国农业科技科研基金项目“国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项”(CARS-46)

Effect of Chlorella on the Quality and Bacterial Community Structure of GIFT Tilapia Culture Water

Qin Lu¹(), Chen Xi², Qiu Liping², Fan Limin², Song Chao², Zheng Yao², Meng Shunlong¹^,², Chen Jiazhang¹^,²()

¹ Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi Jiangsu 214081
²Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries, Wuxi Jiangsu 214081

Received:2020-07-24 Revised:2020-10-21 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-05-13
Contact: Chen Jiazhang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究通过向罗非鱼养殖水体中添加小球藻,旨在探究其对养殖水体N、P降解和微生物群落调控的最佳浓度。分别设置对照组(NC)、低浓度组(LC)、中浓度组(MC)和高浓度组(HC),探究不同浓度小球藻对罗非鱼养殖水体中N、P的改善效果,并采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析养殖水体细菌群落结构变化。与其他处理组相比,HC组水体N、P营养盐含量降低,对3种形态氮的降解速率NH₄⁺-N>NO₃^--N>NO₂^--N。与NC组相比,MC组和HC组的微生物多样性降低;各处理组变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度增加,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度减少,且HC组拟杆菌门相对丰度最高,群落丰富度与NH₄⁺-N含量显著相关。小球藻可以吸收养殖水体中N、P营养盐,调节水体微生物群落结构,从而改善养殖水体水质状况,为养殖生产实践提供理论依据。

关键词: 小球藻, 罗非鱼, 养殖水体, 水质, 氮磷降解, 高通量测序, 细菌群落结构

Abstract:

By adding Chlorella to tilapia aquaculture water, this study aims to explore the optimal concentration of Chlorella for the degradation of N and P and the regulation of microbial community in aquaculture water. Control group (NC), low concentration group (LC), middle concentration group (MC) and high concentration group (HC) were set to explore the effects of different concentrations of Chlorella on reducing the concentration of N and P in tilapia aquaculture water. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze bacteria community structure changes of aquaculture water body. Compared with other treatment groups, N and P nutrition of water body in HC group decreased, and the degradation rate of nitrogen in three forms was NH₄ ⁺-N>NO₃^--N>NO₂^--N. Compared with NC group, the microbial diversity of MC and HC group decreased. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in each treatment group increased, while that of Bacteroidetes decreased, and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in HC group was the highest, the community richness was significantly correlated with the content of NH₄⁺-N. In summary, Chlorella can absorb N and P nutrition from aquaculture water, regulate aquaculture water microbial community structure, and improve aquaculture water quality. The study could provide a theoretical basis for aquaculture production practice.

Key words: Chlorella, tilapia, aquaculture water, water quality, the degradation of N and P, high-throughput sequencing, bacterial community structure

中图分类号:

秦璐, 陈曦, 裘丽萍, 范立民, 宋超, 郑尧, 孟顺龙, 陈家长. 小球藻对罗非鱼养殖水体水质及细菌群落结构的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(12): 112-120.

Qin Lu, Chen Xi, Qiu Liping, Fan Limin, Song Chao, Zheng Yao, Meng Shunlong, Chen Jiazhang. Effect of Chlorella on the Quality and Bacterial Community Structure of GIFT Tilapia Culture Water[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(12): 112-120.

图/表 7

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处理组	Sobs指数	Shannon指数	Simpson指数	Ace指数	Chao指数
NC1	303±36.37^b	3.35±0.04^b	0.07±0^a	504.71±122.56^b	435.2±68.31^b
LC1	343.67±20.74^b	3.39±0.03^b	0.08±0.01^a	646.2±112.33^ab	525.92±60.67^b
MC1	531.33±51.54^a	3.87±0.17^a	0.05±0.01^a	757.05±115.8^a	719.21±69.41^a
HC1	466.33±32.13^a	3.65±0.16^a	0.08±0.03^a	782.39±60.4^a	680.92±41.08^a
NC2	430.33±35.13^a	3.61±0.52^a	0.08±0.05^a	581.29±35.06^a	547.28±25.5^a
LC2	456.67±22.3^a	3.73±0.18a	0.08±0.02^a	639.14±121.65^a	637.88±99.54^a
MC2	450±17.69^a	3.73±0.2^a	0.06±0.02^a	675.97±69.92^a	629.97±23.33^a
HC2	452±11.53^a	3.64±0.24^a	0.08±0.04^a	704.15±80.72^a	645.06±51.33^a
NC3	499±50.69^a	3.77±0.52^a	0.07±0.06^a	689.81±123.04^a	672.78±79.1^a
LC3	484.33±21.94^a	4.02±0.26^a	0.05±0.02^a	637.07±9.29^a	651.47±5^a
MC3	475±5.29^a	3.8±0.08^a	0.07±0.01^a	646.9±52.8^a	625.38±14.62^a
HC3	495.33±100.57^a	3.63±1.08^a	0.14±0.19^a	643.83±132.16^a	654.59±135.61^a
NC4	459.67±21.13^a	3.74±0.15^a	0.08±0.01^a	593.19±16.82^a	597.37±32.2^a
LC4	441.33±27.75^a	3.85±0.16^a	0.05±0.01^a	567.98±37.69^a	577.98±31.37^ab
MC4	420.67±65.01^a	3.94±0.4^a	0.05±0.03^a	536.46±60.73^a	529.67±50.66^b
HC4	461.67±9.71^a	3.89±0.17^a	0.06±0.01^a	586.96±13.68^a	591.98±20.77^a

处理组	Sobs指数	Shannon指数	Simpson指数	Ace指数	Chao指数
NC1	303±36.37^b	3.35±0.04^b	0.07±0^a	504.71±122.56^b	435.2±68.31^b
LC1	343.67±20.74^b	3.39±0.03^b	0.08±0.01^a	646.2±112.33^ab	525.92±60.67^b
MC1	531.33±51.54^a	3.87±0.17^a	0.05±0.01^a	757.05±115.8^a	719.21±69.41^a
HC1	466.33±32.13^a	3.65±0.16^a	0.08±0.03^a	782.39±60.4^a	680.92±41.08^a
NC2	430.33±35.13^a	3.61±0.52^a	0.08±0.05^a	581.29±35.06^a	547.28±25.5^a
LC2	456.67±22.3^a	3.73±0.18a	0.08±0.02^a	639.14±121.65^a	637.88±99.54^a
MC2	450±17.69^a	3.73±0.2^a	0.06±0.02^a	675.97±69.92^a	629.97±23.33^a
HC2	452±11.53^a	3.64±0.24^a	0.08±0.04^a	704.15±80.72^a	645.06±51.33^a
NC3	499±50.69^a	3.77±0.52^a	0.07±0.06^a	689.81±123.04^a	672.78±79.1^a
LC3	484.33±21.94^a	4.02±0.26^a	0.05±0.02^a	637.07±9.29^a	651.47±5^a
MC3	475±5.29^a	3.8±0.08^a	0.07±0.01^a	646.9±52.8^a	625.38±14.62^a
HC3	495.33±100.57^a	3.63±1.08^a	0.14±0.19^a	643.83±132.16^a	654.59±135.61^a
NC4	459.67±21.13^a	3.74±0.15^a	0.08±0.01^a	593.19±16.82^a	597.37±32.2^a
LC4	441.33±27.75^a	3.85±0.16^a	0.05±0.01^a	567.98±37.69^a	577.98±31.37^ab
MC4	420.67±65.01^a	3.94±0.4^a	0.05±0.03^a	536.46±60.73^a	529.67±50.66^b
HC4	461.67±9.71^a	3.89±0.17^a	0.06±0.01^a	586.96±13.68^a	591.98±20.77^a

小球藻对罗非鱼养殖水体水质及细菌群落结构的影响

Effect of Chlorella on the Quality and Bacterial Community Structure of GIFT Tilapia Culture Water

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