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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (28): 41-46.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040109

所属专题: 烟草种植与生产

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

昆明‘红大’烟叶内在化学品质关键影响因素的筛选研究

钱发聪1,欧阳进1,杨永平1,谢永辉1,万 磊1,王攀磊2,3,鲁 耀2,3,陈拾华2   

  1. (1云南省烟草公司昆明市公司,昆明 650051;2云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明 650205;3农业部嵩明农业环境科学观测实验站,昆明 650205)
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-18 修回日期:2016-07-08 接受日期:2016-07-29 出版日期:2016-10-11 发布日期:2016-10-11
  • 通讯作者: 鲁耀
  • 基金资助:
    云南省烟草公司科技计划项目“昆明烤烟特色品种种植区域调整配套关键技术研究与应用”(2014YN20)。

Screening Key Factors Affecting Chemical Compositions of Kungming ‘Hongda’ Tobacco by Correspondence Analysis Method

Qian Facong1, Ouyang Jin1, Yang Yongping1, Xie Yonghui1,Wan Lei1, Wang Panlei2,3, Lu Yao2,3, Chen Shihua2   

  1. (1Yunnan Kunming Tobacco Co., Ltd, Kunming 650051;2Institute of Agricultural Environment & Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Kunming 650205; 3Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Songming, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming 650205)
  • Received:2016-04-18 Revised:2016-07-08 Accepted:2016-07-29 Online:2016-10-11 Published:2016-10-11

摘要: 烟叶内在化学品质是衡量烟叶质量的重要依据,而由于昆明烟区内存在海拔高度、土壤条件、养分管理等生产条件的差异性,造成不同区域烟叶化学品质特征差异明显。因此,在考虑实际生态、土壤、生产管理条件下,系统性地研究各生产因素及因素组合对烤烟内在化学品质的影响具有必要性。通过昆明‘红大’烟叶内在化学品质及各生产因素的调查,进行海拔高度、土壤条件、栽培管理和养分管理4个因素的聚类分析,以及与烟叶内在化学品质进行多维联列表的对应分析。结果表明:(1)海拔高度、土壤条件、养分管理和栽培管理4个因素对烟叶内在化学品质的影响程度从高到低依次为土壤条件、养分管理>栽培管理>海拔,海拔虽对烟叶品质影响较小,但两者存在一定相关性,即随着海拔升高,‘红大’烟叶内在化学品质有降低趋势;(2)各生产因素组合和烟叶内在化学品质具有明显的对应关系,即烟叶内在化学品质并非由某一生产因素决定,而是各生产因素综合影响的结果。综合来看,保障昆明市旱地红壤上种植的‘红大’烟叶内在化学品质,烤烟种植海拔最好控制在2100 m以下;在养分管理方面,农家肥施用量在7500 kg/hm2以下,磷肥(P2O5)用量不高于60 kg/hm2,钾肥(K2O)用量应高于225 kg/hm2时;在烤烟栽培管理方面,前茬为空闲或播种豆类,大田生育期控制在140天以下,留叶数17片以上。

关键词: 强筋小麦, 强筋小麦, ‘运旱20410’, ‘运旱618’, 特征特性, 选育策略, 方法技术

Abstract: The chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco is an important factor to evaluate the quality. The regional differences of chemical composition characteristics are significant according to varying altitude, soil condition, nutrient management and cultivation management. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the combined effects of these factors on chemical compositions of flue-cured tobacco. In this study, soil samples and flue-cured tobacco samples were selected, detected and analyzed in 36 sites with various soil conditions and agricultural activities. According to factors of altitude, soil condition, nutrient management and cultivation management, the cluster analysis was carried out by using DPS software, and the chemical compositions and the agricultural production condition were examined with correspondence analysis. The results showed that: (1) the successive order of factors affecting the chemical compositions of ‘Hongda’ was soil conditions, nutrient management, cultivation management and altitude, despite its comparatively less effect, altitude had a correlation with chemical compositions; (2) there was a strong relationship between the combination of the production factors and the chemical compositions of tobacco leaves, namely, the quality of flue-cured tobacco was not determined by a single factor, but by the combination of each factor. In this study, the quality of chemical composition was relatively high when tobacco was planted in dry red soil; in continuous cropping, the previous crop should be free or legume; the growth duration should be less than 140 days after transplanting, with more than 17 remained tobacco leaves; farm manure should be 0-7500 kg/hm2, phosphate fertilizer should be less than 60 kg/hm2, potash fertilizer should be higher than 225 kg/hm2.

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