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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (15): 17-21.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0752

所属专题： 生物技术； 玉米； 农业生态

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

国审玉米新品种‘MC278’的选育、不同生态区特性及其栽培技术

王晓光1,2(), 瞿文洁2,3, 刘春阁1,2, 吴鹏2, 王荣焕1, 冯培煜1,2, 陕红4, 史桂清2, 冷燕2, 成广雷1()   

  1. 1北京市农林科学院玉米研究所,玉米DNA指纹及分子育种北京市重点实验室,北京 100097
    2北京顺鑫农科种业科技有限公司,北京 100097
    3四川农业大学生态农业研究所,成都 611130
    4中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-13 修回日期:2021-11-05 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-06-07
  • 通讯作者: 成广雷
  • 作者简介:王晓光,男,1981年出生,山西洪洞人,高级农艺师,硕士研究生,硕士,主要从事玉米栽培技术研究。通信地址：100089 北京市海淀区曙光花园中路11号 北京农科大厦B座805室 北京市农林科学院玉米研究所,Tel：010-51503878,E-mail： xiaoguangwang2005@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“玉米新品种及绿色高效集成技术示范与推广”(KJXM2020001-07);国家重点研发计划课题“西北区粮饲兼用型青贮玉米种质改良新品种选育及示范推广”(2018YFD0100205-02);国家重点研发计划课题“华北南部中早熟抗逆耐密适宜机械化玉米新品种培育”(2017YFD0101104-4)

Nationally Approved New Maize Variety ‘MC278’: Breeding, Characteristics in Different Ecological Areas and Main Cultivation Techniques

WANG Xiaoguang1,2(), QU Wenjie2,3, LIU Chunge1,2, WU Peng2, WANG Ronghuan1, FENG Peiyu1,2, SHAN Hong4, SHI Guiqing2, LENG Yan2, CHENG Guanglei1()   

  1. 1Maize Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100097
    2Beijing Shunxin Agricultural Science Seed Technology Co., LTD., Beijing 100097
    3Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
    4Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2021-08-13 Revised:2021-11-05 Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-06-07
  • Contact: CHENG Guanglei

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摘要：

针对不同生态区水热资源紧缺,风灾倒伏频发、产量低、品质差等问题,以‘京X005’为母本、‘京27’为父本进行杂交培育成玉米新品种‘MC278’。该品种在吉林、河北等地接种表明,对小斑病、弯孢病、矮花叶病、丝黑穗病、茎腐病的抗性较强,易感染大斑病,中抗吉林地区玉米螟。在北京、内蒙等地不同年度的区试中,‘MC278’籽粒产量显著高于‘郑单958’(CK),产量最高达16166 kg/hm2,平均产量增幅达8.3%;‘MC278’的粗蛋白质、粗淀粉、赖氨酸含量显著高于‘郑单958’。2019年河北、山西、内蒙等地生产中,产量均高于12804 kg/hm2,产量最高达14283 kg/hm2;‘MC278’配套适宜播期、密度、水肥和病虫害防治等田间管理措施及收获技术。2019年通过国家审定（国审玉20190030）,种植区域包括安徽、山西、山东等15个省级区域。

关键词: MC278, 选育, 不同生态区, 特征特性, 栽培技术

Abstract:

In view of the shortage of water and heat resources in different ecological areas, and the frequent occurrence of wind disaster, lodging, low yield, poor quality and other problems in maize production, a new maize variety ‘MC278’ was bred by taking ‘Jing X005’ as female parent and ‘Jing 27’ as male parent. The inoculation tests of the variety in Jilin, Hebei and other places showed that it had strong resistance to small spot disease, Curvularia, dwarf mosaic, silk smut and stem rot, and was easy to infect large leaf spot, and it was moderately resistant to corn borer in Jilin. In the regional trials in Beijing, Inner Mongolia and other regions in different years, the kernel yield of ‘MC278’ was significantly higher than that of ‘Zhengdan 958’ (CK), the highest yield was 16166 kg/hm2, and the average yield was increased by 8.3%. The content of crude protein, crude starch and lysine of ‘MC278’ were significantly higher than those of ‘Zhengdan 958’. In 2019, the production in Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and other regions showed that the yield of ‘MC278’ was all more than 12804 kg/hm2, and the maximum yield was 14283 kg/hm2. ‘MC278’ was equipped with field management measures and harvest techniques, such as suitable sowing date, density and water and fertilizer management, and prevention and control measures of diseases and insect pests. The variety passed the national examination and approval in 2019 (National Approved Maize Variety No.20190030), and its planting area now includes 15 provincial regions, such as Anhui, Shanxi, Shandong and etc.

Key words: ‘MC278’, breeding, different ecological areas, characteristics, cultivation technique

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