Abstract: The paper aims to promote the sustainable protection of world cultural heritage and to find effective ways to carry out targeted porverty alleviation. The authors evaluated and analyzed the“Rice-fish Culture” mode in Hani terraced fields of Honghe, Yunnan Province. The results indicated that: the“Rice-fish Culture” mode could make an organic combination of the sustainable protection of world cultural heritag and the targeted poverty alleviation; this concept was well followed in variety selection, expert guidance, breeding promotion, and platform construction; therefore, the mode brought good ecological, economic, and social benefits, promoted local ecological protection and poverty alleviation of ethnic minority people in Honghe, Yunnan. In conclution,“Rice- fish Culture”mode has certain significance for protecting world cultural heritage and targeted porverty alleviation.