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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 101-112.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18100005

所属专题: 农业气象

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海省海东市不同等级降水和旱涝关系研究

祁栋林1,2, 裴玉芳3(), 晁红艳4, 赵慧芳1, 苏文将1   

  1. 1 青海省气象科学研究所,西宁 810001
    2 青海省防灾减灾重点实验室,西宁 810001
    3 青海省民和县气象局,青海川口 816099
    4 青海省海北州气象局,青海西海 810299
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-05 修回日期:2019-07-16 出版日期:2020-02-05 发布日期:2020-02-08
  • 通讯作者: 裴玉芳
  • 作者简介:祁栋林,男,1967年出生,青海乐都人,高级工程师,本科,主要从事气候变化和大气成分研究。通信地址:810001 青海省西宁市五四大街19号 青海省气象科学研究所,Tel:0971-6138485,E-mail:qidl007@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(气象)科研专项“干旱气象科学研究—我国北方干旱致灾过程及机理”(GYHY201506001);青海省科技厅项目“青海雪灾精细化监测预警及应急联动机制的建立”(2017-SF-131);“青海省生态与农牧业气象科技创新服务平台”(2017-ZJ-Y02);干旱气象科学研究基金“基于WRF模式的青海复杂地形对夏季降水影响的模拟研究”(IAM201610)

The Relationship Between Different Grades of Precipitation and Drought and Flood in Haidong, Qinghai

Qi Donglin1,2, Pei Yufang3(), Chao Hongyan4, Zhao Huifang1, Su Wenjiang1   

  1. 1 Institute of Qinghai Meteorological Science, Xining 810001
    2 Qinghai Key Laboratory of Disaster Preventing and Reducing, Xining 810001
    3 Minhe Meteorological Bureau, Chuankou Qinghai 816099
    4 Haibei Meteorological Bureau, Xihai Qinghai 810299
  • Received:2018-10-05 Revised:2019-07-16 Online:2020-02-05 Published:2020-02-08
  • Contact: Pei Yufang

摘要:

青海省海东市是青海省重要的粮食生产基地,干旱直接影响着农业的有序发展。利用1961—2015年青海省海东市5个气象站逐日降水资料,笔者分析各级雨量和雨日及Z指数的变化趋势,并研究各级雨量和雨日对旱涝的影响。结果表明:(1)夏(冬)半年降水以小雨(雪)和中雨(雪)为主;夏半年小雨和大到暴雨(中雨)的雨量及雨日呈减小(增加)趋势,冬半年各级雨量及雨日均呈减小趋势;(2)夏、冬半年Z指数均表现为不显著的减小趋势;(3)采用偏相关系数和相对贡献率分析,夏半年中雨和大到暴雨雨量及雨日对Z指数有显著的影响,冬半年小雪的雨量和雨日对Z指数变化影响最大;(4)采用合成分析法的标准化值,在偏涝年,各级雨量和雨日基本都为正值,夏半年差异主要表现在大到暴雨和中雨雨量和雨日,而冬半年差异主要表现在小雪雨量和雨日;在偏旱年,各级降水雨量和雨日基本都为负值,夏半年差异主要表现在中雨雨量和雨日,冬半年差异主要表现在小雪和中雪雨量和雨日。

关键词: 不同等级降水, 变化趋势, 偏相关, 相对贡献率, 合成分析, 海东市

Abstract:

Haidong is an important grain production base in Qinghai, and drought directly affects the orderly development of agriculture. Based on the daily precipitation data of 5 meteorological stations in Haidong from 1961 to 2015, we analyzed the variation trend of rain days and precipitation of different grades and Z index, and studied the effects of rain days and precipitation of different grades on drought and flood. The results showed that: (1) half-year precipitation in summer (winter) was dominated by light rain (snow) and moderate rain (snow), the precipitation and rain days of light rain and heavy rain (moderate rain) in summer half year were decreasing (increasing) and the precipitation and rain days at all grades in winter half year were decreasing; (2) the Z index in summer, winter half year showed an insignificant trend of decrease; (3) according to the analysis of partial correlation coefficient and relative contribution rate, the precipitation and rain days of medium rain and heavy rain in summer half year had significant influence on Z index, while the precipitation and rain days of light snow in winter half year had the greatest influence on Z index change; (4) the synthetic analysis showed that the precipitation and rain days of different grades were basically positive in flood years, the differences of precipitation and rain days of different grades was mainly shown in the heavy rain and moderate rain in summer half year, and the differences in winter half year was mainly reflected in the precipitation and rain days of light snow; in the dry year, the precipitation and rain days at all grades were basically negative, the differences in summer half year was mainly reflected in precipitation and rain days of moderate rain, while the differences in winter half years was mainly reflected in the precipitation and rain days of light snow and moderate snow.

Key words: different grades of precipitation, variation trend, partial correlation, relative contribution rate, synthesis analysis, Haidong

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