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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 42-45.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18120098

所属专题: 烟草种植与生产

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

叶面喷施不同钾肥对烤烟产质量的影响

蒋寿安, 续勇波(), 刘晓冰   

  1. 云南农业大学烟草学院,昆明 650201
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-24 修回日期:2019-03-16 出版日期:2020-02-15 发布日期:2020-02-21
  • 通讯作者: 续勇波
  • 作者简介:蒋寿安,男,1995年出生,云南腾冲人,硕士研究生,主要从事烤烟合理施肥方面的研究。通信地址:650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区云南农业大学,Tel:0871-65159518,E-mail:911958085@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“设施园艺栽培条件下退化土壤的氮素转化过程”(31660601);云南省农业基础研究联合专项重点项目“哈尼梯田土壤氮素持续供应的氮转化过程机理研究”(2018FG001-015)

Effects of Spraying Different Potassic Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

Jiang Shouan, Xu Yongbo(), Liu Xiaobing   

  1. College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
  • Received:2018-12-24 Revised:2019-03-16 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-02-21
  • Contact: Xu Yongbo

摘要:

为研究叶面喷施不同钾肥对烤烟产质量的影响,本研究以烤烟品种‘红花大金元’为试验材料,采用单因素随机区组设计,分别在团棵期、旺长期和现蕾期3个时期,叶面喷施硫酸钾、磷酸二氢钾和有机钾3种钾肥,分析比较3种叶面钾肥对成熟期烟株农艺性状和烤后产质量的影响。结果表明:叶面喷施钾肥能明显提高株高、茎围、有效叶数等农艺性状。叶面喷施有机钾(T2处理)对于经济性状的影响最为突出,产量达2115 kg/hm 2,产值达45582元/hm 2。叶面喷施硫酸钾能有效提高烟叶中上等烟比例达67.7%。叶面喷施钾肥能提高烟叶钾含量,降低烟碱含量。另外,硫酸钾(T1处理)能提高中上部烟叶还原糖和总糖含量达优质烤烟所要求的含量范围,且在糖碱比和两糖比方面的表现也优于其他处理。‘红花大金元’更适合在团棵期、旺长期和现蕾期分次喷施硫酸钾,其对协调烟叶内部化学成分,提高烟叶产质量的作用明显。

关键词: 烤烟, 钾肥, 叶面喷施, 烟草质量

Abstract:

To study the effects of spraying different potassium fertilizers on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, a flue-cured tobacco cultivar ‘Honghuadajinyuan’ was used as experimental material, single factor randomized block design was adopted. Three kinds of potassium fertilizers, potassium sulfate fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer and organic potassium fertilizer, were sprayed on the leaves of tobacco plants at three stages of resettling stage, fast-growing stage and squaring stage, respectively. The results showed that spraying potassium fertilizers could improve the plant height, stem girth, effective leaf number and so on. All treatments had good economic benefits and the organic potassium (treatment T2) was the best one. The yield was 2115 kg/hm 2 and the output value was 45582 yuan/hm 2. Spraying potassium sulfate fertilizer increased the ratio of fine and middle-grade tobacco by 67.7%. Spraying potassium fertilizer on leaves could increase potassium content and decrease nicotine content in tobacco leaves. In addition, potassium sulfate (treatment T1) could increase the content of reducing sugar and total sugar in upper tobacco leaves up to the required content range of high quality flue-cured tobacco, and the performance of sugar-nicotine ratio and reducing sugar-total sugar ratio was better than that of other treatments. The results showed that the use of potassium sulfate fertilizer in resettling stage, fast-growing stage and squaring stage was more suitable for the variety ‘Honghuadajinyuan’ and obviously affected the coordination of chemical components in tobacco leaves.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, potassium fertilizer, spraying on leaves, tobacco leaf quality.

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