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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 105-111.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2020-00012

所属专题： 小麦

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

绿肥压青茬口麦田贮水量与红蜘蛛、茎基腐病发生的相关性分析

亢秀丽1(), 崔欢虎1(), 马爱平1, 靖华1, 王裕智1, 黄学芳2()   

  1. 1山西农业大学小麦研究所,山西临汾 041000
    2山西农业大学山西有机旱作研究院,太原 030006
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-09 修回日期:2020-12-03 出版日期:2021-02-05 发布日期:2021-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 崔欢虎,黄学芳
  • 作者简介:亢秀丽,女,1971年出生,山西临汾人,硕士,主要从事旱作节水农业研究。通信地址：041000 山西省临汾市幽并街33号,E-mail： kxiuli03@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    山西省农业科学院农业科技创新项目“不同区域旱作小麦绿色种植水资源高效利用研究”(YCX2018411);山西省科技厅重点研发计划项目“基于旱地小麦绿色种植及水土资源承载力的轮作休耕模式研究”(201703D211002-4-4);国家研发计划项目“黄淮海北片(山西省)小麦应对气候旱化的栽培技术途径及机制”(2017YFD0300203-2)

Correlation Analysis of Soil Water Storage and Occurrence of Red Spider and Basal Stalk Rot in Wheat Field Under Green Manure Stubble

Kang Xiuli1(), Cui Huanhu1(), Ma Aiping1, Jing Hua1, Wang Yuzhi1, Huang Xuefang2()   

  1. 1Wheat Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen Shanxi 041000
    2Organic Dry Farming Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030006
  • Received:2020-04-09 Revised:2020-12-03 Online:2021-02-05 Published:2021-01-25
  • Contact: Cui Huanhu,Huang Xuefang

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摘要：

为实施绿肥压青提升土壤肥力、减少病虫危害,2018年采用大区对比方法,开展不同海拔夏闲期绿肥压青茬口麦田不同生育期不同土层的麦田贮水量、红蜘蛛发生量、茎基腐病发病率及其相关性研究。结果表明,各绿肥压青茬口小麦越冬前、拔节期不同土层的贮水量高海拔点均高于低海拔点,红蜘蛛发生量低海拔点大于高海拔点;同一海拔点不同绿肥压青茬口间的红蜘蛛发生量存在极显著差异(P<0.01),同一作物压青茬口的红蜘蛛发生量表现为压青愈晚发生量愈大。拔节期不同绿肥压青茬口0~100、100~200、0~200 cm土层贮水量与麦田红蜘蛛发生量的线性关系在低海拔点均存在显著负相关(P<0.05),而在高海拔点均不存在差异;越冬前高海拔点100~200 cm土层贮水量,低海拔点0~100、0~200 cm土层贮水量与麦田红蜘蛛发生量的线性关系表现为显著负相关(P<0.05)。低海拔点、高海拔点不同绿肥压青茬口的茎基腐发病率分别为0.56%~1.59%、0.00%~0.00%,其中低海拔点越冬前0~100 cm土层贮水量,拔节期0~100、100~200、0~200 cm土层贮水量与茎基腐发病率存在显著负相关(P<0.05);低海拔点各土层贮水量与茎基腐发病率的平均相关系数拔节期大于越冬前。该项研究可为实施绿肥压青减少病虫危害选择适宜区域及绿肥压青茬口提供理论依据。

关键词: 绿肥压青, 轮作茬口, 麦田贮水量, 红蜘蛛, 茎基腐病

Abstract:

To improve the soil fertility and reduce the pests and diseases by green manuring, a study on different soil layer water storage at different wheat growth stages, red spider occurrence quantity, basal stalk rot incidence and the correlation was conducted in wheat field under green manuring in summer fallow period by large area contrast method at different altitudes in 2018. The results showed that the different layer soil water storage at high altitude was higher than that at low altitude in different green manure stubble before winter and at jointing stage, and the red spider occurrence was opposite; the red spider occurrence was significantly different in different green manure stubble at same altitude (P<0.01), and the later the green manuring time, the larger the red spider occurrence quantity with same crop green manure stubble. The linear relationship between the 0-100, 100-200 and 0-200 cm soil layer water storage and the red spider occurrence was a significantly negative correlation (P<0.05) at wheat jointing stage at low altitude, but no difference at high altitude; before wheat overwintering, the linear relationship between the water storage of 100-200 cm soil layer and the red spider occurrence was a significantly negative correlation (P<0.05) at high altitude, and that of the water storage of 0-100 and 0-200 cm soil layer and the red spider occurrence was the same at low altitude. The basal stalk rot incidence of green manure stubble at low altitude and high altitude was 0.56%-1.59% and 0.00%-0.00% respectively, among them, there was a significantly negative correlation between 0-100 cm soil layer water storage before winter, 0-100, 100-200 and 0-200 cm soil layer water storage at jointing stage and basal stalk rot incidence (P<0.05) at low altitude; the mean correlation coefficient between different soil layer water storage and basal stalk rot incidence was larger at jointing stage than that before overwintering at low altitude. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the application of green manure to reduce pests and diseases, and to select suitable green manure stubble for different areas.

Key words: green manuring, rotation stubble, water storage in wheat field, red spider, basal stalk rot incidence

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