氮磷浓度变化下粉绿狐尾藻的生长规律研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2020-00002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在为采用生物方法净化养殖废水,管理植物培养模式提供理论依据。以氯化铵(NH₄Cl)、硝酸钾(KNO₃)、磷酸二氢钾(KH₂PO₄)提供氨氮、硝氮、总磷,采用室外完全随机试验,研究粉绿狐尾藻在氨氮、硝氮、总磷三因素作用下的生长规律。培养30天的粉绿狐尾藻植株长度和鲜重随氨氮浓度的增加先升高后降低,氨氮浓度为25 mg/L时最适宜其生长。硝氮浓度从5 mg/L变化到35 mg/L时,其鲜重和长度总体呈现先增后减规律,最适宜其生长的硝氮浓度为15 mg/L。总磷浓度在5 mg/L至35 mg/L变化时,其生长状况与浓度呈正相关,适宜其生长的浓度阈值仍需进一步设计试验研究。粉绿狐尾藻生长受氨氮、总磷浓度变化影响显著,受硝氮浓度变化影响较前两个因素小。研究成果可为利用粉绿狐尾藻净化污水中氮磷元素、管理维护粉绿狐尾藻生态净水系统提供理论依据。

关键词: 粉绿狐尾藻, 氨氮, 硝氮, 总磷, 生长规律

Abstract:

The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for purifying aquaculture wastewater by biological methods and managing plant cultivation mode. Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl), potassium nitrate (KNO₃), and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO₄) were used to provide ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total phosphorus. A completely random outdoor experiment was conducted. The growth law of green Myriophyllum verticillatum under the variation of the three factors of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total phosphorus was studied. The length and fresh weight of green Myriophyllum verticillatum after 30 days increased first and then decreased with the increase of ammonia nitrogen concentration. The ammonia nitrogen concentration of 25 mg/L was the most suitable concentration for the growth. When the concentration of nitrate changed from 5 mg/L to 35 mg/L, its fresh weight and length generally increased first and then decreased. The most suitable nitrate concentration for growth was 15 mg/L. When the total phosphorus concentration changed from 5 mg/L to 35 mg/L, its growth status was positively correlated with the concentration, and the concentration threshold suitable for its growth was unknown, needing to be further studied. The growth of green Myriophyllum verticillatum was significantly affected by the changes of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus concentration, and was less affected by the changes of nitrate nitrogen concentration compared to the first two factors. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for purifying the wastewater in the sewage, managing and maintaining the ecological water purification system of green Myriophyllum verticillatum.

Key words: green Myriophyllum verticillatum, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, growth law

中图分类号:

高怀骏, 陆庆楠, 庄铁钢, 邹淇炀, 许沥. 氮磷浓度变化下粉绿狐尾藻的生长规律研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(3): 66-72.

Gao Huaijun, Lu Qingnan, Zhuang Tiegang, Zou Qiyang, Xu Li. The Growth Law of Green Myriophyllum verticillatum Under Different Concentrations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(3): 66-72.

图/表 6

参考文献 20

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处理	7月15日	7月21日	7月27日	8月2日	8月8日	8月14日
T2	35.00±0.12f	38.62±0.13e	43.88±0.16d	47.12±0.16c	49.66±0.17b	50.21±0.17a
T3	35.05±0.25e	43.97±0.31d	44.30±0.31d	48.57±0.34c	52.11±0.37b	54.11±0.38a
T4	35.04±0.28e	43.99±0.35d	45.02±0.36d	55.97±0.43c	60.44±0.47b	63.01±0.49a
T5	35.04±0.22f	42.69±0.27e	45.64±0.29d	59.87±0.37c	62.93±0.39b	64.78±0.40a
T6	34.99±0.19e	44.10±0.23d	45.42±0.24c	48.19±0.26b	52.86±0.28a	53.03±0.28a
T7	35.00±0.19f	36.43±0.20e	38.76±0.21d	40.61±0.22c	43.22±0.24b	44.57±0.25a
T8	35.00±0.11e	36.47±0.11d	45.64±0.14c	57.43±0.17b	60.85±0.18a	61.00±0.18a
T9	35.00±0.03f	36.76±0.04e	40.21±0.04d	44.44±0.04c	46.75±0.05b	48.76±0.05a
T10	35.10±0.10f	36.75±0.10e	39.76±0.11d	43.21±0.12c	48.76±0.13b	50.91±0.13a
T11	35.09±0.16f	39.91±0.18e	48.60±0.22d	53.33±0.24c	55.71±0.26b	56.98±0.27a
T12	34.97±0.25f	40.00±0.29e	49.65±0.36d	60.16±0.43c	66.32±0.48b	68.61±0.50a
T13	35.04±0.18f	40.34±0.21e	50.30±0.26d	58.72±0.31c	60.57±0.31b	66.21±0.35a
T14	34.87±0.19f	40.71±0.22e	51.47±0.29d	68.43±0.38c	77.19±0.43b	83.21±0.47a

处理	7月15日	7月21日	7月27日	8月2日	8月8日	8月14日
T2	35.00±0.12f	38.62±0.13e	43.88±0.16d	47.12±0.16c	49.66±0.17b	50.21±0.17a
T3	35.05±0.25e	43.97±0.31d	44.30±0.31d	48.57±0.34c	52.11±0.37b	54.11±0.38a
T4	35.04±0.28e	43.99±0.35d	45.02±0.36d	55.97±0.43c	60.44±0.47b	63.01±0.49a
T5	35.04±0.22f	42.69±0.27e	45.64±0.29d	59.87±0.37c	62.93±0.39b	64.78±0.40a
T6	34.99±0.19e	44.10±0.23d	45.42±0.24c	48.19±0.26b	52.86±0.28a	53.03±0.28a
T7	35.00±0.19f	36.43±0.20e	38.76±0.21d	40.61±0.22c	43.22±0.24b	44.57±0.25a
T8	35.00±0.11e	36.47±0.11d	45.64±0.14c	57.43±0.17b	60.85±0.18a	61.00±0.18a
T9	35.00±0.03f	36.76±0.04e	40.21±0.04d	44.44±0.04c	46.75±0.05b	48.76±0.05a
T10	35.10±0.10f	36.75±0.10e	39.76±0.11d	43.21±0.12c	48.76±0.13b	50.91±0.13a
T11	35.09±0.16f	39.91±0.18e	48.60±0.22d	53.33±0.24c	55.71±0.26b	56.98±0.27a
T12	34.97±0.25f	40.00±0.29e	49.65±0.36d	60.16±0.43c	66.32±0.48b	68.61±0.50a
T13	35.04±0.18f	40.34±0.21e	50.30±0.26d	58.72±0.31c	60.57±0.31b	66.21±0.35a
T14	34.87±0.19f	40.71±0.22e	51.47±0.29d	68.43±0.38c	77.19±0.43b	83.21±0.47a

处理	7月15日	7月21日	7月27日	8月2日	8月8日	8月14日
T2	10.00±0.03f	13.13±0.05e	14.22±0.05d	16.52±0.06c	17.88±0.06b	18.86±0.07a
T3	10.00±0.07f	14.65±0.10e	15.76±0.11d	17.51±0.12c	18.72±0.13b	20.99±0.15a
T4	10.00±0.08f	14.96±0.11e	16.31±0.13d	19.73±0.16c	22.55±0.17b	23.47±0.18a
T5	10.00±0.06f	14.51±0.09e	17.52±0.11d	20.37±0.12c	22.40±0.14b	24.06±0.15a
T6	10.00±0.05f	14.87±0.08e	15.44±0.08d	17.38±0.09c	18.97±0.10b	20.71±0.11a
T7	10.00±0.06f	12.39±0.07e	13.18±0.08d	13.61±0.08c	14.69±0.08b	16.49±0.09a
T8	10.00±0.03f	12.44± 0.04e	15.72±0.05d	18.53±0.06c	20.69±0.06b	22.58±0.07a
T9	10.00±0.01f	12.52±0.01e	13.97±0.01d	15.01±0.02c	15.59±0.02b	17.99±0.02a
T10	10.00±0.03f	12.44±0.03e	13.52±0.04d	14.61±0.04c	16.78±0.04b	18.74±0.05a
T11	10.00±0.05f	14.57±0.07e	16.52±0.08d	18.13±0.08c	18.94±0.09b	22.00±0.10a
T12	10.00±0.07f	13.60±0.10e	16.88±0.12d	20.45±0.14c	22.55±0.17b	25.83±0.19a
T13	10.00±0.05f	14.72±0.08e	17.10±0.09d	19.76±0.10c	22.59±012b	24.79±0.13a
T14	10.00±0.06f	13.84±0.08e	18.51±0.10d	25.27±0.14c	29.24±0.17b	31.46±0.18a

处理	7月15日	7月21日	7月27日	8月2日	8月8日	8月14日
T2	10.00±0.03f	13.13±0.05e	14.22±0.05d	16.52±0.06c	17.88±0.06b	18.86±0.07a
T3	10.00±0.07f	14.65±0.10e	15.76±0.11d	17.51±0.12c	18.72±0.13b	20.99±0.15a
T4	10.00±0.08f	14.96±0.11e	16.31±0.13d	19.73±0.16c	22.55±0.17b	23.47±0.18a
T5	10.00±0.06f	14.51±0.09e	17.52±0.11d	20.37±0.12c	22.40±0.14b	24.06±0.15a
T6	10.00±0.05f	14.87±0.08e	15.44±0.08d	17.38±0.09c	18.97±0.10b	20.71±0.11a
T7	10.00±0.06f	12.39±0.07e	13.18±0.08d	13.61±0.08c	14.69±0.08b	16.49±0.09a
T8	10.00±0.03f	12.44± 0.04e	15.72±0.05d	18.53±0.06c	20.69±0.06b	22.58±0.07a
T9	10.00±0.01f	12.52±0.01e	13.97±0.01d	15.01±0.02c	15.59±0.02b	17.99±0.02a
T10	10.00±0.03f	12.44±0.03e	13.52±0.04d	14.61±0.04c	16.78±0.04b	18.74±0.05a
T11	10.00±0.05f	14.57±0.07e	16.52±0.08d	18.13±0.08c	18.94±0.09b	22.00±0.10a
T12	10.00±0.07f	13.60±0.10e	16.88±0.12d	20.45±0.14c	22.55±0.17b	25.83±0.19a
T13	10.00±0.05f	14.72±0.08e	17.10±0.09d	19.76±0.10c	22.59±012b	24.79±0.13a
T14	10.00±0.06f	13.84±0.08e	18.51±0.10d	25.27±0.14c	29.24±0.17b	31.46±0.18a