运输密度对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌水箱水质的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0791

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解密度胁迫对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌幼鱼运输水质和成活率的影响,确定适宜的运输密度,为兴凯湖翘嘴鲌的科学运输提供参考依据。对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌采用塑料桶模拟运输试验,在6个不同运输密度(D = 20、40、60、80、100、120 g/L)下运输10 h,探究运输密度不同对水质中氨氮、亚硝酸盐浓度及翘嘴鲌成活率的影响。结果显示：氨氮对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌的48 h-LC₅₀和96 h-LC₅₀值分别为22.66 mg/L和16.70 mg/L,安全浓度为1.67 mg/L;亚硝酸盐对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌的48 h-LC₅₀和96 h-LC₅₀值分别为0.18 mg/L和0.12 mg/L,安全浓度为0.01 mg/L。运输10 h 20 g/L和40 g/L组的成活率为100%,60、80、100、120 g/L组的成活率与0 h相比均呈现显著下降趋势(P<0.05),且10 h时120 g/L组的成活率为0;各个组的pH值随运输时间的增加呈现下降趋势,且高密度组的下降趋势大于低密度组;随着运输时间的增加各个组的氨氮浓度均呈现上升趋势(P<0.05),且密度越大,氨氮浓度上升越显著;各个组的亚硝酸盐浓度随着运输时间的增加而升高,且与翘嘴鲌密度呈现正相关,密度越大,亚硝酸盐浓度上升越显著(P<0.05)。在模拟运输过程中,水质的氨氮和亚硝酸盐含量受到运输时间和密度的双重影响,运输时间越长,密度越高,氨氮和亚硝酸盐浓度越高,兴凯湖翘嘴鲌的成活率越低。

关键词: 兴凯湖翘嘴鲌, 运输, 氨氮, 亚硝酸盐, LC₅₀

Abstract:

To study the effects of density on the transport water quality and survival rate of C. albarnus juvenile fish, determine the appropriate transport density and provide reference for scientific transport of Culter albarnus, C. albarnus was transported in plastic bucket for 10 h at 6 different transport densities (D = 20、40、60、80、100、120 g/L). The effects of different transport densities on ammonia nitrogen, nitrite concentration and survival rate of C. albarnus were investigated. The results showed that the values of 48 h-LC₅₀ and 96 h-LC₅₀ of ammonia nitrogen to C. albarnus were 22.66 mg/L and 16.70 mg/L respectively, and the safe concentration was 1.67 mg/L; the values of 48 h-LC₅₀ and 96 h-LC₅₀ of nitrite to C. albarnus were 0.18 mg/L and 0.12 mg/L respectively, and the safe concentration of nitrite was 0.01 mg/L. The survival rate in 20 g/L and 40 g/L group was 100% at 10 h, and the survival rate in 60, 80, 100 and 120 g/L group decreased significantly compared with that of 0 h (P<0.05), and the survival rate in 120 g/L group was 0% at 10 h; the pH value in each group showed a downward trend with the increase of transportation time, and the downward trend in high density group was greater than that in low density group; with the increase of transportation time, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in each group showed an upward trend (P<0.05), and the higher the density, the more significant the increase of ammonia nitrogen concentration was; the nitrite concentration in each group increased with the increase of transportation time, which was positively correlated with the density of C. albarnus. The higher the density, the more significant the increase of nitrite concentration was (P<0.05). In the simulated transporting process, the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content of water quality are affected by both the transporting time and fish density. The longer the transporting time and the higher the fish density, the higher the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite concentration the water will contain, and the lower the survival rate of Khanka C. Alburnus will be.

Key words: Khanka Culter Alburnus, transport, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, LC₅₀

中图分类号:

S917.4

刘炜, 周国勤, 裴雪莹, 茆健强, 陈树桥, 张雷鸣, 石晓兰. 运输密度对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌水箱水质的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(35): 124-130.

Liu Wei, Zhou Guoqin, Pei Xueying, Mao Jianqiang, Chen Shuqiao, Zhang Leiming, Shi Xiaolan. Effect of Transport Density on Water Quality in Water Tank of Khanka Culter Alburnus[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(35): 124-130.

图/表 7

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氨氮浓度/(mg/L)	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0	0^c	0^d	0^d	0^d
13.65	0^c	0^d	13±8^d	22±8^c
17.75	7±3^c	27±8^c	43±6^c	53±6^b
23.08	17±8^c	55±10^b	77±13^b	95±5^a
30	60±11^b	80±11^a	100^a	100^a
39	79±8^a	97±3^a	100^a	100^a

氨氮浓度/(mg/L)	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0	0^c	0^d	0^d	0^d
13.65	0^c	0^d	13±8^d	22±8^c
17.75	7±3^c	27±8^c	43±6^c	53±6^b
23.08	17±8^c	55±10^b	77±13^b	95±5^a
30	60±11^b	80±11^a	100^a	100^a
39	79±8^a	97±3^a	100^a	100^a

亚硝酸盐浓度/(mg/L)	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0	0^e	0^e	0^e	0^f
0.1	0^e	15±5^de	27±8^d	43±6^e
0.13	8±1^de	27±8^cd	43±8^cd	57±6^d
0.17	28±10^cd	43±8^c	57±6^c	70±5^c
0.22	50±12^bc	63±13^b	75±10^b	88±3^b
0.28	62±13^b	80±9^ab	92±8^ab	98±2^ab
0.37	89±11^a	97±3^a	100^a	100^a

亚硝酸盐浓度/(mg/L)	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0	0^e	0^e	0^e	0^f
0.1	0^e	15±5^de	27±8^d	43±6^e
0.13	8±1^de	27±8^cd	43±8^cd	57±6^d
0.17	28±10^cd	43±8^c	57±6^c	70±5^c
0.22	50±12^bc	63±13^b	75±10^b	88±3^b
0.28	62±13^b	80±9^ab	92±8^ab	98±2^ab
0.37	89±11^a	97±3^a	100^a	100^a

组别	半致死浓度LC₅₀/(mg/L)				安全浓度/(mg/L)
组别	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h	安全浓度/(mg/L)
氨氮	29.484	22.660	18.427	16.706	1.671
亚硝酸盐	0.228	0.178	0.145	0.117	0.012