AMF促进植物吸收矿质元素的生理机制及对土壤硫素的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb191200944

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (32): 49-54.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb191200944

所属专题：生物技术

AMF促进植物吸收矿质元素的生理机制及对土壤硫素的影响

孙子欣¹^,²(), 蔡柏岩¹^,²()

¹黑龙江大学农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心,哈尔滨 150500
²黑龙江大学生命科学学院,黑龙江省寒地生态修复与资源利用重点实验室,哈尔滨 150080

收稿日期:2019-12-13 修回日期:2020-02-05 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2020-11-19
通讯作者: 蔡柏岩
作者简介:孙子欣,女,1998年出生,河南焦作人,硕士研究生,研究方向:修复生态学。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号黑龙江大学生命科学学院,E-mail: 648080208@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“摩西管柄囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae)促进连作大豆土壤硫素吸收和转运调控机理的研究(31972502)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi: Physiological Mechanism of Promoting Plant to Absorb Mineral Elements and Its Effect on Soil Sulfur

Sun Zixin¹^,²(), Cai Baiyan¹^,²()

¹Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500
²Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080

Received:2019-12-13 Revised:2020-02-05 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2020-11-19
Contact: Cai Baiyan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于人口不断增长,人们要快速得到高产高质粮食的要求迫切,大量使用化肥,导致了有害物质残留,土壤或水污染,土壤板结或某些营养元素相对匮乏等一系列环境问题。丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhiza, AM)是土壤内常见的共生结构,由AM真菌(AMF)与土壤根系形成。已有研究表明其可通过分泌代谢物,增大根系与土壤接触面积,调节某些土壤元素存在形式等多种途径,影响植物对土壤元素的吸收转运。硫是维持植物生长发育的必需元素之一,可由于植物对S的需要并不如N,P,K大量,现代农业在对土壤进行施肥过程中往往将其忽略,因此土壤缺S正逐渐成为中国农业发展的限制因素。为了解决以上问题,本文将主要对AMF影响植物吸收土壤元素的途径及生理机制进行总结分析。并根据其作用方式特点进一步分析AM共生对植物吸收转运硫素的影响,指出AMF作为生物化肥的可行性,以期为解决现代化肥的替代问题以及土壤缺硫问题提供新的思路。

关键词: AM真菌, 矿质元素, 运输途径, 转运机制, 硫素

Abstract:

Because the population keeps increasing, it is urgent for people to get food with high-quality. The large-amount use of chemical fertilizer results in a series of environmental problems, such as the residue of harmful substances, soil and water pollution, soil hardening and relative lack of some nutrients, etc. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) is a symbiotic structure formed by plant roots and AM fungi (AMF), and is common in soil. Studies have shown that it can affect the absorption and transport soil elements by plant, by secreting metabolites, increasing connection between roots and soil, and regulating the forms of some soil elements. Sulfur is one of the essential elements for plants. Because the needs of S are lower than those of N, P, K, S is often ignored in the process of fertilization in modern agriculture, so the lack of S in soil is gradually becoming a limiting factor in the development of agriculture in China. In order to solve the above problem, this article mainly summarizes and analyzes the physiological mechanism of AMF affecting the absorption and transport of soil mineral elements by plants. And according to the characteristics of its action, we analyze the influence of AM symbiosis on sulfur absorption and transport by plant, point out the feasibility of AMF used as biological fertilizer, and provide new ideas for fertilizer reduction and soil sulfur deficiency.

Key words: AM fungi, mineral elements, transport pathway, transport mechanism, sulfur

中图分类号:

S181

孙子欣, 蔡柏岩. AMF促进植物吸收矿质元素的生理机制及对土壤硫素的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(32): 49-54.

Sun Zixin, Cai Baiyan. Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi: Physiological Mechanism of Promoting Plant to Absorb Mineral Elements and Its Effect on Soil Sulfur[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(32): 49-54.

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AMF促进植物吸收矿质元素的生理机制及对土壤硫素的影响

Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi: Physiological Mechanism of Promoting Plant to Absorb Mineral Elements and Its Effect on Soil Sulfur

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