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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (14): 15-20.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0514

所属专题: 生物技术 玉米 烟草种植与生产

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

种子处理技术对早播玉米出苗及生理特性的影响

侯雯1(), 杜卓1, 张凤云2, 吴子温1, 王丽1, 路运才1()   

  1. 1黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨 150080
    2黑龙江大学图书馆,哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-03 修回日期:2020-11-25 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2021-05-19
  • 通讯作者: 路运才
  • 作者简介:侯雯,女,1995年出生,辽宁抚顺人,硕士研究生,主要从事玉米抗逆生理方面的研究。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,E-mail: 1240351551@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    科技部“十三五”国家重点研发计划“粮食主产区主要气象灾变过程及其减灾保产调控关键技术”(2017YFD0300400);黑龙江省自然科学基金“利用连锁和关联分析发掘玉米抗低温出苗优异等位基因”(LH2019C056)

Seed Treatment: Effects on Emergence and Physiological Traits of Early-sowing Maize

Hou Wen1(), Du Zhuo1, Zhang Fengyun2, Wu Ziwen1, Wang Li1, Lu Yuncai1()   

  1. 1College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
    2Heilongjiang University Library, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2020-09-03 Revised:2020-11-25 Online:2021-05-15 Published:2021-05-19
  • Contact: Lu Yuncai

摘要:

旨在为防御玉米低温冷害提供新技术。以玉米杂交种为材料,设计16个种子处理组别,包括外源植物生长物质及复合溶液、超声波、种衣剂等。通过田间早播方式模拟低温胁迫,研究早播对玉米出苗率、SPAD值、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及过氧化物酶活性的影响。结果表明,种衣剂处理显著提高了早播玉米的出苗率,植株叶绿素SPAD值明显提高。在包衣T8处理下可溶性糖含量与CK相比增加了34.24%,差异显著;在T5、T7、T8和T10包衣处理下可溶性蛋白含量分别增加了8.60%、21.72%、9.70%、19.16%,经过包衣T1、T2、T3、T10、T14、T15处理,过氧化物酶活性有所提高,种子包衣处理组缓解低温损伤效果显著。综上来看,种子引发、超声波处理及种子包衣技术的综合策略提高了早播玉米的抗低温能力,为玉米防灾减损提供了途径。

关键词: 春玉米, 早播, 低温冷害, 超声波, 生长调节剂, 复合溶液, 种衣剂, 出苗率, 生理特性

Abstract:

To provide new technologies for the resistance to low temperature damage of maize, the hybrid seeds of maize were used as materials, 16 groups of seed treatment were designed, including exogenous plant growth materials, compound solutions, ultrasonic wave, seed coating agents and so on. The low temperature stress was simulated by early sowing in the field. The effects of early sowing on the emergence rate, SPAD value, soluble sugar, soluble protein and peroxidase activity were studied. The results showed that the emergence rate of early-sowing maize significantly increased with seed-coating agent. The SPAD value of plant chlorophyll also significantly increased. For T8 coating treatment, the soluble sugar content significantly increased by 34.24%, compared with CK. For T5, T7, T8 and T10 coating treatment, the soluble protein content increased by 8.60%, 21.72%, 9.70% and 19.16%, respectively. For T1, T2, T3, T10, T14 and T15 treatment, the peroxidase activity increased compared with CK. All treatment groups with seed coating agents had significant effects on alleviating low temperature damage. Totally, the integrated strategies of seed priming, ultrasonic treatment and seed coating technology can improve the cold resistance of early sowing maize.

Key words: maize, early sowing, low temperature damage, ultrasonic wave, growth regulator, compound solution, seed coatings, emergence rate, physiological trait

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