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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 37-42.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0515

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

育苗温室辣根素消毒处理效果研究

赵立群1(), 田文2, 田雅楠1, 曹玲玲1, 徐秀兰3()   

  1. 1北京市农业技术推广站,北京 100029
    2中国农业大学植物病理系,北京 100093
    3北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心,农业农村部北京蔬菜种子质量监督检验测试中心,北京 100097
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-17 修回日期:2021-07-11 出版日期:2022-02-15 发布日期:2022-03-17
  • 通讯作者: 徐秀兰
  • 作者简介:赵立群,女,1985年出生,吉林人,硕士,高级农艺师,主要从事蔬菜集约化育苗及栽培技术方面的研究。通信地址:100029 北京朝阳区惠新里高原街4号 北京市农业技术推广站,Tel:010-84648356,E-mail: zhaoliqun2009@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    北京市农业技术推广站“主要蔬菜绿色高效育苗技术集成与应用”项目(PXM2019_036204_000040_00355515_FCG);北京市农林科学院公益检测机构专项基金(yzx002)

The Disinfection Effect of Allyl Isothiocyanate Applied in Nursery Greenhouse

ZHAO Liqun1(), TIAN wen2, TIAN Yanan1, CAO Lingling1, XU Xiulan3()   

  1. 1Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing 100029
    2College of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093
    3Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Supervision Inspection and Test Center of Vegetable Seed Quality/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097
  • Received:2021-05-17 Revised:2021-07-11 Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-03-17
  • Contact: XU Xiulan

摘要:

辣根素是从十字花科植物中提取的一类次生代谢产物,是一种新型速效、高效和低毒农药。本研究选取北京大兴区、通州区的3个育苗专用日光温室开展试验,研究了辣根素药剂喷雾处理方式下日光温室消毒效果。通过对比消毒处理前后温室内环境、设施设备表面微生物的数量及种类,发现消毒处理后温室沉降平板真菌、细菌数量均显著降低;另外,棚膜及苗床表面细菌总量均有所下降,其中部分温室育苗床表面消毒前后细菌数量差异显著;进一步结合真菌形态与ITS序列分析鉴定主要分离真菌有:Alternaria属、Curvularia属、Rhizopus属、Aspergillus属、Penicillium属,其中含有Alternaria tenuissimaAlternaria alternate 2类链格孢属植物致病菌,其数量和分离比率在消毒处理后均有所降低。本研究证明,辣根素作为育苗温室消毒药剂对温室环境及设施表面有较好的消毒效果。

关键词: 辣根素, 集约化育苗, 日光温室, 温室消毒, 链格孢属

Abstract:

Allyl isothiocyanate is a secondary metabolite extracted from Brassicaceae plants and used as a new pesticide with features of quick-acting, high-efficiency and low-toxicity. Three greenhouses from Beijing Daxing and Tongzhou were selected for the testing. The efficacy of Allyl isothiocyanate on greenhouse disinfection by spraying was studied. By comparing the population and type of microorganisms of indoor environment, facilities and equipment surface before and after the treatment, the results showed that the amount of fungi and bacteria in the air reduced significantly after disinfection treatment. The total amount of bacteria on the surface of the greenhouse film and the seedbed decreased, and the number of bacteria before and after disinfection on the surface of some greenhouse nursery beds was significantly different; the dominant fungi isolated in this experiment were Alternaria spp., Curvularia spp., Rhizopus spp., Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. Further test identified plant pathogenic fungi Alternaria tenuissima and Alternaria alternate, and both fungi reduced in population and isolation frequencies after the disinfection treatment. This result indicates that Allyl isothiocyanate application is an effective way for greenhouse disinfection.

Key words: Allyl isothiocyanate, intensive seedling, greenhouse, greenhouse disinfection, alternaria

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