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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (27): 101-105.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0916

所属专题： 生物技术； 耕地保护

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

河南省潮土区土壤肥力现状分析

程国峰1(), 黄达2, 赵冬丽3, 王立强1, 程志杰1()   

  1. 1.柘城县农业农村局,河南商丘 476200
    2.河南省土壤肥料站,郑州 450003
    3.滑县土壤肥料站,河南安阳 456400
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-21 修回日期:2021-12-30 出版日期:2022-10-05 发布日期:2022-09-21
  • 通讯作者: 程志杰
  • 作者简介:程国峰,男,1971年出生,河南柘城人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事土壤肥料研究与推广。通信地址：476200 河南省柘城县未来大道西段16号 农业农村局,Tel：0370-6021166,E-mail： cgf201151@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“黄淮海夏玉米化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD0200600)

Current Situation of Soil Fertility in Fluvo-aquic Soil Region of Henan Province

CHENG Guofeng1(), HUANG Da2, ZHAO Dongli3, WANG Liqiang1, CHENG Zhijie1()   

  1. 1. Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Zhecheng County, Shangqiu, Henan 476200
    2. Soil and Fertilizer Station of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003
    3. Soil and Fertilizer Station of Hua County, Anyang, Henan 456400
  • Received:2021-09-21 Revised:2021-12-30 Online:2022-10-05 Published:2022-09-21
  • Contact: CHENG Zhijie

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摘要：

河南省为粮食主产区,潮土分布区域广、面积大,潮土区土壤肥力高低直接影响着粮食生产。基于2018年耕地质量调查,选择柘城县、滑县、睢县3个典型行政县域为研究区域,对潮土区土壤肥力现状进行了分析。研究结果显示：土壤pH、土壤有机质含量、全氮含量、有效磷含量、速效钾含量平均分别为8.2、17.4 g/kg、1.11 g/kg、21.1 mg/kg、141 mg/kg。采用K-均值聚类分析将土壤养分含量由高到低划分为四级;土壤有机质含量分级为>23.6、18.1~23.6、12.2~18.1、<12.2 g/kg,每一分级样本量所占比例分别为8.0%、37.1%、41.3%、13.6%;土壤全氮含量分级为>1.35、1.09~1.35、0.85~1.09、<0.85 g/kg,每一分级样本量所占样本量分别为18.4%、30.7%、35.7%、15.2%。土壤有效磷含量分级为>61.9、36.1~61.9、18.3~36.1、<18.3 mg/kg,每一分级样本量所占比例分别为2.7%、8.8%、32.0%、56.5%。土壤速效钾含量分级为>256、171~256、110~171、<110 mg/kg,每一分级样本量所占比例分别为6.4%、18.9%、38.4%、36.3%。主成分分析结果显示,土壤全氮、有机质、有效磷是影响潮土区土壤肥力变化的主要因子。

关键词: 河南省, 潮土, 土壤有机质, 土壤全氮, 土壤有效磷, 土壤速效钾

Abstract:

In Henan Province, fluvo-aquic soil is the most widely distributed soil type with the largest area, and the main grain production area. Its fertility directly affects grain production. Based on the cultivated land quality survey in 2018, this study selected three counties of Zhecheng, Hua and Sui as the study area, and analyzed the current situation of fluvo-aquic soil fertility in the province. The results showed that the average values of soil pH, soil organic matter content, total nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, available potassium content were 8.2, 17.4 g/kg, 1.11 g/kg, 21.1 mg/kg and 141 mg/kg, respectively. K-means clustering analysis was conducted to divide soil nutrients’ content into four grades. The soil organic matter content in grade 1 to 4 was >23.6, 18.1-23.6, 12.2-18.1 and <12.2 g/kg, and the proportion of each grade was 8.0%, 37.1%, 41.3% and 13.6%, respectively. The soil total nitrogen content in grade 1 to 4 was >1.35, 1.09-1.35, 0.85-1.09 and <0.85 g/kg, and the proportion of each grade was 18.4%, 30.7%, 35.7% and 15.2%, respectively. The soil available P content in grade 1 to 4 was>61.9, 36.1-61.9, 18.3-36.1 and <18.3 mg/kg, and the proportion of each grade was 2.7%, 8.8%, 32.0% and 56.5%, respectively. The soil available K content in grade 1 to 4 was>256, 171-256, 110-171 and <110 mg/kg, and the proportion of each grade was 6.4%, 18.9%, 38.4% and 36.3%, respectively. The results of principal component analysis showed that soil total nitrogen, organic matter and available phosphorus were the main factors affecting soil fertility in fluvo-aquic soil region.

Key words: Henan Province, fluvo-aquic soil, soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, soil available potassium

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