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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (36): 48-55.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0020

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

夏季庐山常绿阔叶林4种常见植物根际AM真菌分布特征

吴佳海1,2(), 邹芹3,4, 杜曲5, 张涛1, 李金苗1, 肖斌6, 刘玮1,3()   

  1. 1江西农业大学林学院/园林与艺术学院，南昌 330045
    2嘉兴济兴环境科技有限公司，浙江嘉兴 314000
    3江西庐山森林生态系统定位观测研究站，江西九江 332900
    4江西庐山国家级自然保护区管理局，江西九江 332900
    5湛江科技学院，广东湛江 524084
    6中国林科院亚热带林业实验中心，江西分宜 336600
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-02 修回日期:2022-03-03 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-01-17
  • 作者简介:

    吴佳海，男，1995年出生，浙江桐乡人，硕士，研究方向：森林生态学。通信地址：330045 江西省南昌市青山湖区蛟桥镇志敏大道1225号 江西农业大学林学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    江西省自然科学基金项目“吉泰盆地退化红壤区重建森林过程地下食物网变化及其对氮素矿化转移的影响”(20202BAB205002); 江西省教育厅科技计划项目“AM真菌在退化红壤区森林土壤结构改良及碳固定中的作用”(GJJ180178)

Distribution Characteristics of Rhizosphere AM Fungi of Four Common Plants of Evergreen Broad-leaved Forests of Lushan Mountain in Summer

WU Jiahai1,2(), ZOU Qin3,4, DU Qu5, ZHANG Tao1, LI Jinmiao1, XIAO Bin6, LIU Wei1,3()   

  1. 1College of Forestry/College of Art and Landscape, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045
    2Jiaxing Jixing Environmental Technology Limited Company, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000
    3Positioning Observation Station of Forest Ecosystem in Lushan, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332900
    4Administration of Lushan Natural Reserve, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332900
    5Zhanjiang University of Science and Technology, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524084
    6Subtropical Forestry Experimental Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fenyi, Jiangxi 336600
  • Received:2022-01-02 Revised:2022-03-03 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-01-17

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摘要：

为了探索夏季庐山常绿阔叶林土壤丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AM真菌）资源分布特征，推动其地下AM真菌资源的开发利用。研究基于孢子形态学分类方法对夏季庐山典型常绿阔叶林中4种常见植物（老鼠矢Symplocos stellaris、檵木Loropetalum chinense、连蕊茶Camellia fraterna、山胡椒Lindera glauca）根际土壤AM真菌群落的分布特征进行调查。结果表明：共分离、鉴定出44个AM真菌物种，其中包括4个优势种AM真菌、5个广布种AM真菌、12个常见种AM真菌与23个稀有种AM真菌。（1）不同植物根系侵染率之间存在显著差异，同时根系侵染率与优势种和广布种AM真菌的孢子密度和物种丰富度均呈正相关，与常见种和稀有种AM真菌的孢子密度和物种丰富度则呈负相关，但均不显著；（2）不同植物根际总AM真菌孢子密度不存在显著差异，但AM真菌物种丰富度存在显著差异；此外，不同植物根际只有常见种AM真菌的孢子密度不存在显著差异，也只有广布种和稀有种AM真菌的物种丰富度不存在显著差异；（3）不同优势度AM真菌的孢子密度之间和物种丰富之间均存在负相关，但只有优势种AM真菌的孢子密度与常见种和稀有种AM真菌的孢子密度存在显著负相关；（4）AM真菌分布受土壤养分（全氮、全磷、全钾、氨态氮、硝态氮）、pH和水分影响较小，但受土壤氮影响相对较大；不同优势度AM真菌受土壤养分、pH和水分影响程度不同，影响程度从大到小依次为稀有种AM真菌、常见种AM真菌、广布种AM真菌和优势种AM真菌。在夏季庐山常绿阔叶林中，常见植物与AM真菌的共生模式可能是以优势种AM真菌和广布种AM真菌共生为主，以常见种AM真菌和稀有种AM真菌补充共生的共生模式。在该共生模式下，植物根际AM真菌资源较为丰富且分布不均；AM真菌与植物共生程度由不同优势度AM真菌共同决定；不同优势度AM真菌之间相互影响较弱；AM真菌受土壤养分（全氮、氨态氮、硝态氮、全磷、全钾）、pH和水分影响较小，但不同优势度AM真菌受土壤养分、pH和水分影响程度不同。

关键词: 庐山, 常绿阔叶林, AM真菌群落, 夏季, 常见树种

Abstract:

To explore the distribution characteristics of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi), and promote the development and utilization of underground AM fungi resources, the distribution characteristics of rhizosphere AM fungal communities of four common plants (Symplocos stellaris, Loropetalum chinense, Camellia fraternal and Lindera glauca) of typical evergreen broad-leaved forests of Lushan Mountain in summer were investigated according to the method of spore morphology classification. The results showed that 44 AM fungal species (4 dominant species, 5 most common species, 12 common species, and 23 rare species) were isolated and identified. (1) There were significant differences in root colonization rate among different plants. The root colonization rate was positively correlated with the spore density and species richness of AM fungi in dominant and most common species, while negatively correlated with them in common and rare species, and the correlations were both not significant. (2) There was no significant difference in total spore density of AM fungi, while significant differences were found in species richness of AM fungi among different plants. In addition, there was no significant difference in the spore density of AM fungi of common species and the species richness of AM fungi of most common and rare species among different plants. (3) A negative correlation between spore density and species richness was found in AM fungi with different dominance. There was only a significantly negative correlation between the spore density of dominant species AM fungi and the spore density of common and rare species AM fungi. (4) Soil nutrients (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, ammoniacal nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen), pH and soil water contributed less to the distribution of AM fungi. However, the distribution of AM fungi was mainly affected by soil nitrogen. AM fungi of various dominant degrees were affected differently by soil nutrients, pH and water (rare species > common species > most common species > dominant species). The symbiosis pattern between common plants and AM fungi might be dominated by dominant and most common species, and supplemented by common and rare species of evergreen broad-leaved forests of Lushan Mountain in summer. According to the symbiosis pattern, AM fungi resources of plant rhizosphere were abundant and unevenly distributed; the degree of symbiosis between AM fungi and plants was determined by the different dominance of AM fungi; the interaction between AM fungi with different dominance was small; AM fungi were less affected by soil nutrients (total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium), pH and water, however, AM fungi of various dominant degrees were affected differently by soil nutrients, pH value and water.

Key words: Lushan Mountain, evergreen broad-leaved forest, AM fungi community, summer, common plants