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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (25): 124-127.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15040048

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

夏季短截对薄壳山核桃‘波尼’萌芽数和成枝力的影响

张计育,王刚,李永荣①,勒栋梁,郭忠仁   

  1. 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司,南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司,江苏省中国科学院植物研究所
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-07 修回日期:2015-05-19 接受日期:2015-05-25 出版日期:2015-09-23 发布日期:2015-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 郭忠仁
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目“丰产优质薄壳山核桃新品种选育”[CX(12)2012]。

Effect of Summer Short-cutting on Budding Number and Branching Ability of Carya illinoensis‘Pawnee’

  • Received:2015-04-07 Revised:2015-05-19 Accepted:2015-05-25 Online:2015-09-23 Published:2015-09-23

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摘要： 为了确定薄壳山核桃夏季修剪的最佳修剪时间和最佳修剪措施，以5 年生薄壳山核桃优良品种‘波尼’(Carya illinoensis‘Pawnee’)为材料，研究夏季不同修剪时间、不同修剪措施对不同长度当年生枝条萌芽数和成枝力的影响。结果显示：未经修剪的枝条没有萌芽数，经过修剪的枝条均有一定的萌芽数。6 月14 日，对于20~50 cm的一年生枝条，短截1/5 效果最好，平均萌芽数为1.67，10~30 cm的成枝力达到73.3%，且有＞30 的长枝条；对于50 cm 以上的一年生枝条，以短截1/3 效果最好，平均萌芽数为2.75，10~30 cm的成枝力达到68.18%，＞30 cm的成枝力为18.18%。6 月28 日，20~50 cm和50 cm以上的枝条同样是分别短截1/5 和短截1/3 效果最好。因此，对于薄壳山核桃‘波尼’幼龄树，6 月14 日修剪效果最好，20~50 cm 的一年生枝条短截1/5，50 cm 以上的一年生枝条短截1/3 有利于薄壳山核桃枝条的形成。

关键词: 根系, 根系, 模型, 进展, 作物, 气象

Abstract: In order to determine the optimal pruning time and pruning measures of Carya illinoensis in summer, taking 5-year-old grafted seedlings of Carya illinoensis‘Pawnee’as experimental materials, effect of different pruning time, different pruning measures on budding number and branching ability of Carya illinoensis‘Pawnee’were studied. The results showed that the uncut branches had no budding, but pruning branches had a certain number of budding. On June 14, 1/5 short-cutting had the best effect for the 20-50 cm annual branch, the average budding number was 1.67, branching ability (10-30 cm) reached 73.3%, and had ＞ 30 long branches; 1/3 short-cutting had the best effect for the ＞ 50 cm annual branch, the average budding number was 2.75, branching ability of 10-30 cm and ＞ 30 cm reached 68.18% and 18.18%. On June 28, 1/5 short-cutting and 1/3 short-cutting had the best effect for the 20-50 cm and ＞ 50 cm annual branch. Therefore, 1/5 short-cutting for the 20-50 cm annual branch and 1/3 short-cutting for the ＞ 50 cm annual branch of pecan‘Pawnee’young tree on June 14 were conducive to the formation of pecan branches.