低氧胁迫和复氧对长吻鮠鳃组织低氧应答基因和生理生化指标的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0076

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 107-116.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0076

所属专题：水产渔业

低氧胁迫和复氧对长吻鮠鳃组织低氧应答基因和生理生化指标的影响

李谣¹(), 杨智茹¹, 程景颢¹, 李杰¹, 王涛¹, 张凯¹, 张国松²(), 尹绍武¹()

¹ 南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院/江苏省特色水产育种与绿色高效养殖技术工程研究中心，南京 210023
² 菏泽学院农业与生物工程学院/山东省高校生理生化及应用重点实验室，山东菏泽 274015

收稿日期:2022-02-15 修回日期:2022-09-22 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-01-17
作者简介:
李谣，女，1997年出生，四川遂宁人，硕士研究生，主要从事鱼类种质资源与遗传育种研究。通信地址：210023 江苏省南京市学林路2号南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院，E-mail：2409509422@qq.com。
基金资助:
江苏省种业振兴“揭榜挂帅”项目“江苏特色鱼类优异基因资源挖掘与突破性新种质创制”(JBGS [2021] 034); 国家自然科学基金青年基金“低氧胁迫下瓦氏黄颡鱼NLRP3-线粒体损伤-细胞凋亡的调控机制研究”(32102754); 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“基于‘肠道菌群/SCFAs/HIF-1α/IL-22’轴探讨黄颡鱼响应低氧胁迫的调控机制”(32102760); 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目“低氧胁迫和恢复对长吻鮠低氧应答基因和生理指标的影响”(SJCX22_0605); 江苏现代农业(特色水产)产业技术体系项目“特色鱼类育种与健康养殖”(JATS(2021)417)

Effects of Hypoxic Stress and Reoxygenation on Hypoxic Response Genes and Physiological and Biochemical Indexes in the Gill Tissue of Leiocassis longirostris

LI Yao¹(), YANG Zhiru¹, CHENG Jinghao¹, LI Jie¹, WANG Tao¹, ZHANG Kai¹, ZHANG Guosong²(), YIN Shaowu¹()

¹ College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University/ Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023
² College of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Heze University/ Key Laboratory of Physiology/Biochemistry and Application in Universities of Shandong Province, Heze, Shangdong 274015

Received:2022-02-15 Revised:2022-09-22 Online:2023-01-15 Published:2023-01-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究低氧胁迫(0.8±0.1) mg/L和复氧(7.3±0.5) mg/L对长吻鮠(Leiocassis longirostris)鳃组织氧传感蛋白、呼吸代谢、氧化应激、组织结构和细胞凋亡的影响。本研究对长吻鮠进行了低氧胁迫(0、2、4、6 h)和复氧(2、4、6 h)试验，采用qRT-PCR、酶活性测定、H&E染色和TUNEL切片检测等方法，比较和分析了该鱼鳃组织低氧应答基因、生理生化指标的变化。结果表明：在低氧胁迫下，长吻鮠鳃组织氧传感蛋白相关基因（HIF-1α、HIF-2α、PHDs和Vhl）表达量显著升高，复氧后较对照组仍有显著差异(P<0.05)；糖酵解相关酶（PFK、HK和PK）、无氧呼吸酶(LDH)、抗氧化酶（GSH-Px、CAT和SOD）和氧化应激指标（MDA和LPO）活性和含量显著升高，TCA循环相关酶（SDH和MDH）活性显著降低，复氧后多数生理指标均逐渐恢复至对照水平。H&E染色显示低氧胁迫下长吻鮠鳃组织上皮出现了抬升，部分血细胞大量聚集使鳃小片顶端呈棒状，发生线粒体丰富细胞肿胀和增生等变化，在恢复溶氧后低氧引起的这些组织形态变化并未得到改善；TUNEL切片结果显示长吻鮠鳃组织凋亡细胞数量随低氧时间延长不断增加，凋亡相关基因（Bax、Caspase 3、p53和Apaf-1）表达量显著升高，Bcl-2表达量显著降低，恢复溶氧后细胞凋亡现象仍然存在。低氧胁迫和复氧对长吻鮠鳃组织氧传感蛋白、呼吸代谢、氧化应激、组织结构、细胞凋亡等具有明显的影响，该结果为探究鱼类低氧胁迫下分子调控机制奠定一定的理论基础，为今后开展长吻鮠耐低氧新品种选育提供基础资料。

关键词: 长吻鮠, 低氧, 鳃组织, 低氧应答, 生理生化

Abstract:

In order to study the effects of hypoxic stress [(0.8±0.1) mg/L] and reoxygenation [(7.3±0.5 mg/L] on oxygen sensing, respiratory metabolism, oxidative stress, tissue structure, and apoptosis in the gill of L. longirostris, by using qRT-PCR, enzyme activity measurement, H&E staining and TUNEL slice detection, the experiments of hypoxic stress (0, 2, 4, 6 h) and reoxygenation (2, 4, 6 h) on L. longirostris were conducted and the changes of hypoxic response genes, and physiological and biochemical indexes in the gill of L. longirostris were analyzed. The results showed that: the expressions of genes related to oxygen sensors (HIF-1α, HIF-2α, PHDs and Vhl) were upregulated in the gill of L. longirostris during hypoxia, after reoxygenation, there was still a significant difference compared with the control (P<0.05). Expression activities and contents of glycolysis related enzymes (PFK, HK and PK), anaerobic respiration enzymes (LDH), antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, CAT and SOD) and oxidative stress indicators (MDA and LPO) significantly increased. The activities of TCA cycle-related enzymes (SDH and MDH) decreased significantly during hypoxia, but most physiological indexes gradually recovered to the level of the control upon reoxygenation. H&E staining showed that under hypoxic stress, the epithelium of the gill was uplifted, and some blood cells gathered in large numbers to make the gill small pieces have rod-like tips, and tissue changes such as swelling and proliferation of mitochondria-rich cells occurred, but these changes in tissue morphology caused by hypoxia were not improved after the recovery of dissolved oxygen. TUNEL sections showed that the number of apoptotic cells in the gill of L. longirostris increased with the prolongation of hypoxia time, the mRNA levels of apoptosis-related genes (Bax, Caspase 3, p53 and Apaf-1) increased significantly and Bcl-2 decreased significantly during hypoxia, and the apoptosis still existed compared with control upon reoxygenation. Hypoxic stress and reoxygenation can significantly affect the gill oxygen sensors, respiratory metabolism, oxidative stress, tissue structure, and apoptosis of L. longirostris. The results lay a theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular regulation mechanism of fish under hypoxic stress, and provide basic data for future development of new hypoxia tolerant varieties of L. longirostris.

Key words: Leiocassis longirostris, hypoxia, gill tissue, hypoxic response, physiological and biochemical

李谣, 杨智茹, 程景颢, 李杰, 王涛, 张凯, 张国松, 尹绍武. 低氧胁迫和复氧对长吻鮠鳃组织低氧应答基因和生理生化指标的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(2): 107-116.

LI Yao, YANG Zhiru, CHENG Jinghao, LI Jie, WANG Tao, ZHANG Kai, ZHANG Guosong, YIN Shaowu. Effects of Hypoxic Stress and Reoxygenation on Hypoxic Response Genes and Physiological and Biochemical Indexes in the Gill Tissue of Leiocassis longirostris[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(2): 107-116.

图/表 7

参考文献 43

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基因	引物	引物序列(5’-3’)	长度/bp
IF-1α	HIF-1α-F	CTGGAAAGAGGGCTAAGGTG	20
IF-1α	HIF-1α-R	AGTGACGGTCCTGAATAGGG	20
HIF-2α	HIF-2α-F	AAAAGCCCAGTGGATGAC	18
HIF-2α	HIF-2α-R	TGGCGATGTTGCTGAAGT	18
PHD1	PHD1-F	AGCAATGGTGGCTTGTTAC	19
PHD1	PHD1-R	TCAAATAAGGGCTCAATGTC	20
PHD2	PHD2-F	AGCCTGGATGTGAGAAGATAGC	22
PHD2	PHD2-R	CCGTCTCCGTTAGGGTTGT	19
PHD3	PHD3-F	CTGTTTGATCGACTCCTGCTT	21
PHD3	PHD3-R	TGTGGTGCTGCTTTGTGAA	19
Vhl	Vhl-F	AGACGGATGACCCGATGTTG	20
Vhl	Vhl-R	GCACACTAGCTTCCTCACCA	20
Bax	Bax-F	TGACCGTGGCAAAGAGCA	18
Bax	Bax-R	GATCCAGGCGGAAATGTG	18
Caspase 3	Caspase 3-F	GGGAAACTGGGCTACAAA	18
Caspase 3	Caspase 3-R	CTCAGCAACACGCAAACA	18
Bcl-2	Bcl-2-F	CGTAGCCTCGCTTCAAAA	18
Bcl-2	Bcl-2-R	CGCGTCAGATCAATTCACA	19
p53	p53-F	CGTCGTAGCAGTGTCTAAAGT	21
p53	p53-R	GACCCTCTTGTCCATTGTG	19
Apaf-1	Apaf-1-F Apaf-1-R	TCGCCTCTGAACCCTGCTC CTGATGGAGTCCACTGGCTGTC	19 22
β-actin	β-actin-F	TGCTGCCTCTTCCTCCTCTC	20
β-actin	β-actin-R	GGACACCTGAACCTCTCATTGC	22

基因	引物	引物序列(5’-3’)	长度/bp
IF-1α	HIF-1α-F	CTGGAAAGAGGGCTAAGGTG	20
IF-1α	HIF-1α-R	AGTGACGGTCCTGAATAGGG	20
HIF-2α	HIF-2α-F	AAAAGCCCAGTGGATGAC	18
HIF-2α	HIF-2α-R	TGGCGATGTTGCTGAAGT	18
PHD1	PHD1-F	AGCAATGGTGGCTTGTTAC	19
PHD1	PHD1-R	TCAAATAAGGGCTCAATGTC	20
PHD2	PHD2-F	AGCCTGGATGTGAGAAGATAGC	22
PHD2	PHD2-R	CCGTCTCCGTTAGGGTTGT	19
PHD3	PHD3-F	CTGTTTGATCGACTCCTGCTT	21
PHD3	PHD3-R	TGTGGTGCTGCTTTGTGAA	19
Vhl	Vhl-F	AGACGGATGACCCGATGTTG	20
Vhl	Vhl-R	GCACACTAGCTTCCTCACCA	20
Bax	Bax-F	TGACCGTGGCAAAGAGCA	18
Bax	Bax-R	GATCCAGGCGGAAATGTG	18
Caspase 3	Caspase 3-F	GGGAAACTGGGCTACAAA	18
Caspase 3	Caspase 3-R	CTCAGCAACACGCAAACA	18
Bcl-2	Bcl-2-F	CGTAGCCTCGCTTCAAAA	18
Bcl-2	Bcl-2-R	CGCGTCAGATCAATTCACA	19
p53	p53-F	CGTCGTAGCAGTGTCTAAAGT	21
p53	p53-R	GACCCTCTTGTCCATTGTG	19
Apaf-1	Apaf-1-F Apaf-1-R	TCGCCTCTGAACCCTGCTC CTGATGGAGTCCACTGGCTGTC	19 22
β-actin	β-actin-F	TGCTGCCTCTTCCTCCTCTC	20
β-actin	β-actin-R	GGACACCTGAACCTCTCATTGC	22

低氧胁迫和复氧对长吻鮠鳃组织低氧应答基因和生理生化指标的影响

Effects of Hypoxic Stress and Reoxygenation on Hypoxic Response Genes and Physiological and Biochemical Indexes in the Gill Tissue of Leiocassis longirostris

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