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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (24): 114-119.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0580

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

半夏菌核病病原菌鉴定、生物学特性及防治药剂筛选

伍晓露1(), 王帆帆1, 唐涛1, 段媛媛1,2, 郭晓亮1, 游景茂1,2()   

  1. 1 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所/农业农村部中药材生物学与栽培重点实验室/湖北省中药材规范化生产(GAP)工程研究中心,湖北恩施 445000
    2 湖北省农业科学院,林下经济湖北省工程研究中心,武汉 430064
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-11 修回日期:2022-10-27 出版日期:2023-08-25 发布日期:2023-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 游景茂,男,1983年出生,河南固始人,副研究员,博士,主要从事中药材病虫害绿色防控技术研究。通信地址:445000 湖北省恩施市学院路253号 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所,Tel:0718-8417890,E-mail:jingmaoyou@126.com
  • 作者简介:

    伍晓露,女,1999年出生,湖北钟祥人,科研助理,学士,研究方向:中药材病害绿色防控技术研究。通信地址:445000 湖北省恩施市学院路253号 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所,Tel:0718-8417890,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    湖北省农业科技创新中心重大科技研发项目“道地药材安全高效生产关键技术研究与示范”(2020-620-000-002-04); 湖北省农业科学院青年科学基金项目“半夏软腐病生防菌筛选鉴定及生防机理研究”(2023NKYJJ30); 中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“湖北省药用植物抗病资源挖掘与利用创新中心建设”(2022BGE256); 湖北省重点研发项目“湖北林下经济生态高效模式及关键技术研究与示范”(2022BBA153)

The Pathogen of Sclerotinia Blight on Pinellia ternate: Identification, Biological Characteristics and Fungicide Screening

WU Xiaolu1(), WANG Fanfan1, TANG Tao1, DUAN Yuanyuan1,2, GUO Xiaoliang1, YOU Jingmao1,2()   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory for Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Medicinal Materials of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Standardized Production of Traditional Chinese Medicine (GAP) Engineering Research Center, Institute of Chinese Herbel Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Enshi, Hubei 445000
    2 Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Under-forest Economy, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064
  • Received:2022-07-11 Revised:2022-10-27 Online:2023-08-25 Published:2023-08-23

摘要:

为明确湖北省半夏菌核病的病原菌种类、生物学特性及防治效果较好的药剂,本研究依据柯赫氏法则、形态学和分子生物学鉴定等对半夏菌核病病原菌进行了分离和鉴定,分析其生物学特性。同时,用菌丝生长速率法测定5种化学杀菌剂和4种生物杀菌剂对病原菌的室内毒力。结果表明,半夏菌核病病原菌为核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)。病原菌BXH1生长的最适pH 9,最适碳氮源分别为葡萄糖和牛肉浸膏。供试杀菌剂中,430 g/L戊唑醇悬浮液、50%咯菌腈可湿性粉剂、8%氟硅唑微乳剂、50%啶酰菌胺水分散粒剂对病原菌的抑制作用较强,EC50均小于1 mg/L。本研究结果为半夏菌核病的科学防控提供了一定的理论依据。

关键词: 半夏, 菌核病, 核盘菌, 生物学特性, 药剂筛选

Abstract:

In order to identify the pathogen, biological characteristics and effective fungicide of sclerotinia blight of Pinellia ternata in Hubei Province, this study isolated and identified the pathogen based on Koch’s postulates, morphology and molecular identification, and analyzed their biological characteristics. The toxicity measurement of five chemical fungicides and four biological fungicides were also tested by using the mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that the causal agent of sclerotinia blight was Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The optimum growth conditions for the pathogen BXH1 were pH 9, glucose for carbon and beef extract for nitrogen. Among the tested fungicides, 430 g/L tebuconazole SC, 50% fludioxonil WP, 8% flusilazole ME, 50% boscalid WG showed strong inhibitory effect on the pathogen with EC50 < 1 mg/L. The result of this study provides a theoretical basis for the scientific prevention and control of sclerotinia blight on P. ternata.

Key words: Pinellia ternata, sclerotinia blight, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, biological characteristics, fungicide screening