铁皇冠炭疽病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0613

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (24): 120-126.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0613

铁皇冠炭疽病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选

崔一平¹(), 宋晓兵¹(), 严洁春², 黄峰¹, 凌金锋¹, 彭埃天¹

¹ 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室，广州 510640
² 广州市花都区农业技术管理中心，广州 510813

收稿日期:2022-07-27 修回日期:2022-10-27 出版日期:2023-08-25 发布日期:2023-08-23
通讯作者: 宋晓兵，男，1980年出生，副研究员，博士，主要从事果树病害防控方面的研究。通信地址：510064 广东省广州市天河区金颖路7号，Tel：020-87597446，E-mail：xbsong@126.com。
作者简介:
崔一平，女，1984年出生，助理研究员，博士，主要从事植物病害防控方面的研究。通信地址：510064 广东省广州市天河区金颖路7号，Tel：020-87597446，E-mail：kktracy@163.com。
基金资助:
广东省农村科技特派员项目“火龙果重要病虫害精准防控及品质提升技术示范及推广”(KTP20210317); 广东省农业科学院协同创新中心项目“农业生物安全与农产品质量安全绿色植保技术与产品”(XT202211)

Pathogen Identification and Screening of Fungicides Against Microsorum pteropus Anthracnose Disease

CUI Yiping¹(), SONG Xiaobing¹(), YAN Jiechun², HUANG Feng¹, LING Jinfeng¹, PENG Aitian¹

¹ Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640
² Huadu District Agricultural Technology Management Center of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510813

Received:2022-07-27 Revised:2022-10-27 Online:2023-08-25 Published:2023-08-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确引起广东省肇庆市高要区铁皇冠炭疽病的病原种类并筛选出具有较好防治效果的药剂，采用组织分离法对铁皇冠炭疽病病原菌进行了分离纯化；结合形态学观察、多基因系统发育分析及柯赫氏法则对该病原菌进行了分类鉴定。同时采用菌丝生长速率法，选用42.4%唑醚氟酰胺WG、75%肟菌·戊唑醇WG、35% 400g/L氟菌·戊唑醇SC、325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯SC、60%唑醚·代森联WG、10%苯醚甲环唑WG对该炭疽菌的室内毒力进行测定。结果显示，引起铁皇冠炭疽病的病原菌为果生炭疽菌(Colletotrichum fructicola)，供试的6种杀菌剂对C. fructicola的菌丝生长均有一定的抑制作用，其中10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂的抑制活性最强，其次为325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯悬浮剂、75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂，以上3种杀菌剂均可推荐为田间防控药剂。

关键词: 广东省, 铁皇冠, 果生炭疽菌, 柯赫氏法则, 室内毒力

Abstract:

In order to clarify the pathogen causing Microsorum pteropus anthracnose disease in Gaoyao district, Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province, and to screen better effect fungicides against the disease indoor, the pathogen was obtained by using the tissue separation method. The representative isolates were verified according to Koch’s rule. Combined with morphological characteristics and phylogenetic tree based on ITS, ACT, CAL and CHS-1 genes, the pathogen was identified, and the indoor toxicity of six fungicides (42.4% pyraclostrobin·metiram WG, 75% trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole WG, 35% 400 g/L fluopyram·tebuconazole SC, 325 g/L difenoconazole· azoxystrobin SC, 60% pyraclostrobin·fluxapyroxad WG, 10% difenoconazole WG) was determined by mycelia growth rate method. Colletotrichum fructicola was the pathogen causing anthracnose disease on Microsorum pteropus. The tested six fungicides had certain inhibitory effect on the mycelia growth of C. fructicola. Among them, 10% difenoconazole WG had the strongest inhibitory activity with moderate inhibitory concentration (EC₅₀) of 0.1083 μg/mL. Followed by 325 g/L difenoconazole· azoxystrobin SC and 75% trifloxystrobin· tebuconazole WG, the above three fungicides can be recommended as field control agents.

Key words: Guangdong Province, Microsorum pteropus, Colletotrichum fructicola, Koch’s rule, the indoor toxicity

崔一平, 宋晓兵, 严洁春, 黄峰, 凌金锋, 彭埃天. 铁皇冠炭疽病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(24): 120-126.

CUI Yiping, SONG Xiaobing, YAN Jiechun, HUANG Feng, LING Jinfeng, PENG Aitian. Pathogen Identification and Screening of Fungicides Against Microsorum pteropus Anthracnose Disease[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(24): 120-126.

图/表 6

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供试杀菌剂	别名	生产产家
42.4%唑醚·氟酰胺 SC 21.2%吡唑醚菌酯 21.2%氟唑菌酰胺	施乐健	巴斯夫（中国）有限公司
75%肟菌戊唑醇 WG 25%肟菌酯 50%戊唑醇	拿敌稳	拜耳（中国）有限公司
35% 400g/L氟菌·戊唑醇 SC 17.5%氟吡菌酰胺 17.5%戊唑醇	露娜润	拜耳（中国）有限公司
325g/L 苯甲.嘧菌酯 SC 125g/L苯醚甲环唑 200g/L嘧菌酯	阿米妙收/凯典	先正达集团公司
60%唑醚.代森联 WG 5%吡唑醚菌酯 55%代森联	百泰	巴斯夫（中国）有限公司
10%苯醚甲环唑 WDG	恶醚唑	先正达集团公司

供试杀菌剂	别名	生产产家
42.4%唑醚·氟酰胺 SC 21.2%吡唑醚菌酯 21.2%氟唑菌酰胺	施乐健	巴斯夫（中国）有限公司
75%肟菌戊唑醇 WG 25%肟菌酯 50%戊唑醇	拿敌稳	拜耳（中国）有限公司
35% 400g/L氟菌·戊唑醇 SC 17.5%氟吡菌酰胺 17.5%戊唑醇	露娜润	拜耳（中国）有限公司
325g/L 苯甲.嘧菌酯 SC 125g/L苯醚甲环唑 200g/L嘧菌酯	阿米妙收/凯典	先正达集团公司
60%唑醚.代森联 WG 5%吡唑醚菌酯 55%代森联	百泰	巴斯夫（中国）有限公司
10%苯醚甲环唑 WDG	恶醚唑	先正达集团公司

种		菌株编号	Genbank登录号
种		菌株编号	ACT	CAL		CHS1
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		THG1-1	ON016174	ON016173		ON016175
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		ZH6	MT500908	MT500952		MT500996
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		Y2	MZ724635	MZ724640		MZ724650
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		YM7	MT500907	MT500951		MT500995
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		PLY-6-1	MT980992	MW046766		MW032332
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		YSG-4-2	MT981003	MW046777		MW032343
隐秘炭疽菌C. aenigma		ZH2	MT500880	MT500924		MT500968
隐秘炭疽菌C. aenigma		YM8	MT500879	MT500923		MT500967
暹罗炭疽菌C. siamense	YH-YX-6		MW513863		MW513911	MW513887
暹罗炭疽菌C. siamense	ZS-HX-85		MW513855		MW513903	MW513879
暹罗炭疽菌C. siamense	LFY-8		OL830177		OL830174	OL830171
茶树炭疽病菌C. camelliae	HXQT-3		MN525809		MN525825	MN525846
茶树炭疽病菌C. camelliae	YN23		MN525815		MN525834	MN525855
哈锐炭疽菌C. horii	SD011		MN070079		MN070084	MN070093
哈锐炭疽菌C. horii	GX014		MN070078		MN070088	MN070097
亚洲炭疽菌C. asianum	MC38		MN626847		MN605542	MN626900
亚洲炭疽菌C. asianum	MC6		MN626846		MN605539	MN626891

种		菌株编号	Genbank登录号
种		菌株编号	ACT	CAL		CHS1
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		THG1-1	ON016174	ON016173		ON016175
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		ZH6	MT500908	MT500952		MT500996
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		Y2	MZ724635	MZ724640		MZ724650
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		YM7	MT500907	MT500951		MT500995
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		PLY-6-1	MT980992	MW046766		MW032332
果生炭疽菌C. fructicola		YSG-4-2	MT981003	MW046777		MW032343
隐秘炭疽菌C. aenigma		ZH2	MT500880	MT500924		MT500968
隐秘炭疽菌C. aenigma		YM8	MT500879	MT500923		MT500967
暹罗炭疽菌C. siamense	YH-YX-6		MW513863		MW513911	MW513887
暹罗炭疽菌C. siamense	ZS-HX-85		MW513855		MW513903	MW513879
暹罗炭疽菌C. siamense	LFY-8		OL830177		OL830174	OL830171
茶树炭疽病菌C. camelliae	HXQT-3		MN525809		MN525825	MN525846
茶树炭疽病菌C. camelliae	YN23		MN525815		MN525834	MN525855
哈锐炭疽菌C. horii	SD011		MN070079		MN070084	MN070093
哈锐炭疽菌C. horii	GX014		MN070078		MN070088	MN070097
亚洲炭疽菌C. asianum	MC38		MN626847		MN605542	MN626900
亚洲炭疽菌C. asianum	MC6		MN626846		MN605539	MN626891

供试杀菌剂	杀菌剂浓度/(μg/mL)		抑制率/%	供试杀菌剂	杀菌剂浓度/(μg/mL)		抑制率/%
75%肟菌·戊唑醇 WG	0.1		39.51	60%唑醚.代森联SC	0.1		19.69
	0.5		56.63		0.5		31.24
	2		61.34		2		43.08
	10		64.76		10		68.47
	50		71.75		50		77.75
35% 400g/L氟菌·戊唑醇SC		0.1	2.43	42.4%唑醚·氟酰胺 WG		0.1	24.69
		0.5	36.8			0.5	40.99
		2	53.07			2	58.07
		10	56.06			10	62.27
		50	74.75			50	62.27
325g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯 SC 325 g/L		0.1	40.23	10%苯醚甲环唑 WG		0.2	58.54
		0.5	54.78			0.4	72.83
		2	81.88			0.6	75.78
		10	83.31			0.8	76.71
		50	85.02			1	82.61
CK		-	-

铁皇冠炭疽病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选

Pathogen Identification and Screening of Fungicides Against Microsorum pteropus Anthracnose Disease

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供试杀菌剂	毒力回归方程	决定系数	EC₅₀/(μg/mL)	标准误
42.4%唑醚·氟酰胺 SC	Y=4.8558+0.3755X	0.9153	2.4217	0.0954
75%肟菌·戊唑醇 WG	Y=5.1325+0.2829X	0.9541	0.3401	0.0513
35% 400 g/L氟菌·戊唑醇 SC	Y=4.4251+0.8601X	0.9026	4.6601	0.2368
325 g/L 苯甲·嘧菌酯 SC	Y=5.3859+0.5049X	0.9169	0.1721	0.1269
60%唑醚·代森联 SC	Y=4.7324+0.6276X	0.9922	2.6687	0.0455
10%苯醚甲环唑	Y=5.9030+0.9354X	0.9726	0.1083	0.1291

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