欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (33): 99-106.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0962

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

黔西南州不同烤烟种植区气候特征研究

张辉红1(), 张亚恒2, 沈勰3, 王唯3, 刘胜传3, 吴方莲3, 张仕祥4, 陈发元3()   

  1. 1 河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州 450002
    2 贵州中烟工业有限责任公司,贵阳 550000
    3 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司,贵州兴义 562400
    4 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-13 修回日期:2023-02-03 出版日期:2023-11-25 发布日期:2023-11-22
  • 通讯作者: 陈发元,男,1990年出生,河南洛阳人,助理农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟草质量评价研究。通信地址:562400 贵州省黔西南州兴义市桔山新区瑞金南路60号,Tel:19108599967,E-mail:chenfayuan1990@163.com。
  • 作者简介:

    张辉红,男,1999年出生,河南周口人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:土壤生态学。通信地址:450002 河南省郑州市金水区龙子湖街道河南农业大学龙子湖校区,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司科技项目“‘贵烟’黔西南基地烟叶高端原料保障技术开发”(2021-07)

Study on Climatic Characteristics of Different Tobacco Planting Areas in Qianxinan Prefecture

ZHANG Huihong1(), ZHANG Yaheng2, SHEN Xie3, WANG Wei3, LIU Shengchuan3, WU Fanglian3, ZHANG Shixiang4, CHEN Fayuan3()   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002
    2 China Tobacco Guizhou Co.Ltd., Guiyang 550000
    3 Qianxinan Prefecture Company, Tobacco Companies of Guizhou Province, Xingyi, Guizhou 562400
    4 Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450002
  • Received:2022-11-13 Revised:2023-02-03 Published-:2023-11-25 Online:2023-11-22

摘要:

本研究旨在为优化贵州中烟黔西南基地种植布局提供参考,通过统计黔西南州6个植烟县/市(兴义市、兴仁县、普安县、贞丰县、安龙县、晴隆县)2010—2021这12 a间烤烟大田期间气象数据,包括降雨量、日照时数、平均气温、有效积温4项气象指标,对不同产地的气候特征及相关性进行分析。结果表明:(1)6个植烟县/市烟草大田生育期降雨量较符合烟株对于水分的需求,兴义市降雨量相对较高。(2)不同植烟县/市大田生育期平均气温和有效积温变化趋势为:贞丰县>兴义市>兴仁县>安龙县>晴隆县>普安县,大部分地区平均气温变化趋势符合优质植烟区的需求。(3)黔西南基地大田生育期日照时数表现为:旺长期和成熟期贞丰县日照时数较高,普安县日照时数整体较低。综合来看,黔西南6个植烟县/市主要气候特征符合烤烟生产需求,兴义市和贞丰县烤烟大田生育期光热条件较好,兴仁县和安龙县雨、光热条件适中,普安县降雨量适中,气温较低,晴隆县降雨量丰富,光热条件适中。不同县/市表现出的气候特征差异也是其烤烟品质差异的生态因子之一,能够为优化烤烟种植区的分布提供理论依据。

关键词: 黔西南州, 烤烟, 种植分布, 优质栽培, 气候特征

Abstract:

This study aimed at providing reference for optimizing Guizhou Zhongyan Qianxinan base planting layout. Through statistics of Qianxinan six tobacco-planting counties/cities (Xingyi, Xingren, Pu'an, Zhenfeng, Anlong and Qinglong) flue-cured tobacco field meteorological data during 2010 to 2021, including four meteorological indexes of rainfall, sunshine time, average temperature and effective accumulated temperature, the climate characteristics and correlation of different producing areas were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the rainfall of tobacco fields during the growth period in six tobacco-planting counties/cities was more in line with the water demand of tobacco plants, and the rainfall of Xingyi City was relatively higher. (2) The variation trend of average temperature and effective accumulated temperature during the growing period of the field in different tobacco-planting counties/cities was as followed: Zhenfeng County > Xingyi City > Xingren County > Anlong County > Qinglong County > Pu’an County. The variation trend of average temperature in most areas was in line with the demand for high-quality tobacco-planting areas. (3) The sunshine duration in Zhenfeng County was higher in the vigorous growing stage and maturing stage, while the sunshine duration in Pu’an County was lower overall. In conclusion, the main climatic characteristics of the six tobacco-planting counties/cities in Qianxinan Prefecture met the demand for flue-cured tobacco production. Xingyi City and Zhenfeng County had better light and heat conditions during the field period of flue-cured tobacco; Xingren County and Anlong County had moderate rain and light and heat conditions; Pu’an County had moderate rainfall and lower temperature; Qinglong County had abundant rainfall and moderate light and heat conditions. The differences of climate characteristics in different counties/cities are also one of the ecological factors for the differences of flue-cured tobacco quality, which can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the distribution of flue-cured tobacco-planting areas.

Key words: Qianxinan Prefecture, flue-cured tobacco, planting distribution, high-quality cultivation, the climate characteristics