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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (31): 19-26.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0895

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

3个烤烟品种在宣威高海拔多雨烟区的适宜采收成熟度研究

李先才1(), 蔡宪杰2, 邓涛3, 未启立4, 吴姝俊3, 徐天鹏3, 张雁飞3, 马爱国4, 潘义宏1, 闫鼎2()   

  1. 1 云南五佳生物科技有限公司,昆明 650106
    2 上海烟草集团有限责任公司,上海 200081
    3 云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司,云南曲靖 655000
    4 华环国际烟草有限公司,安徽滁州 233121
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-31 修回日期:2023-04-03 出版日期:2023-11-05 发布日期:2023-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 闫鼎,男,1983年出生,上海人,硕士,工程师,从事烟叶基地单元建设工作。通信地址:200082 上海市杨浦区长阳路717号 上海烟草集团有限责任公司,Tel:021-61666868,E-mail:yanding656@163.com。
  • 作者简介:

    李先才,男,1997年出生,云南会泽人,助理农艺师,本科,主要从事烟叶原料研究工作。通信地址:650106 云南省昆明市五华区高新区海源北路2299号云南省高创园7楼 云南五佳生物科技有限公司,Tel:0871-63358998,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    上海烟草集团有限责任公司科技项目“基于提质增香技术的上烟曲靖单元高端烟叶开发”(2021310000140791); 上海烟草集团有限责任公司科技项目“基于提质增香技术的上烟曲靖单元高端烟叶开发(二期)”(2022310000140543); 中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目“卷烟品牌导向型宣威烤烟品种匹配性研究与应用”(2019530000241031)

Suitable Harvest Maturity of Three Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties in High-altitude Rainy Tobacco Area in Xuanwei

LI Xiancai1(), CAI Xianjie2, DENG Tao3, WEI Qili4, WU Shujun3, XU Tianpeng3, ZHANG Yanfei3, MA Aiguo4, PAN Yihong1, YAN Ding2()   

  1. 1 Yunnan Woojia Biotechnology Company Limited, Kunming 650106
    2 Shanghai Tobacco Group Company Limited, Shanghai 200081
    3 Qujing Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Qujing, Yunnan 655000
    4 Huahuan International Tobacco Company Limited, Chuzhou, Anhui 233121
  • Received:2022-10-31 Revised:2023-04-03 Published-:2023-11-05 Online:2023-10-31

摘要:

为探明云南宣威高海拔多雨烟区3个烤烟品种(‘云烟105’、‘云烟301’和‘中川208’)中、上部烟叶适宜的采收成熟度,通过田间小区试验,设置尚熟、成熟、次过熟3个采收成熟度,研究其对烤烟经济效益、外观质量、物理特性、内在化学成分和感官质量的影响。结果表明,随着采收时间的延迟,‘云烟301’和‘中川208’烟叶综合品质上升,在烟叶物理特性上表现为含梗率下降,叶面密度、抗张力上升,但外观质量上存在中部烟叶颜色略淡的问题,烟叶烟碱含量降低。随着采收成熟度的提高,‘云烟105’综合品质呈现先升高后降低的趋势。各品种经济效益随采收时间的推迟呈先升高后降低的趋势。综合考虑,‘中川208’、‘云烟301’的中部叶待田间成熟时即可采收,而上部烟叶应待田间鲜烟叶达次过熟标准后再进行采收,‘云烟105’在田间烟叶达成熟标准时即可采收。

关键词: 烤烟, 品种, 采收成熟度, 品质, 宣威

Abstract:

In order to explore the appropriate harvesting maturity of the middle and upper tobacco leaves of three flue-cured tobacco varieties in the high-altitude rainy tobacco area of Xuanwei, Yunnan Province, three harvest maturity levels were set to study their effects on economic benefits, appearance quality, physical characteristics, intrinsic chemical composition and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco through the field plot experiment. The results showed that the comprehensive quality of ‘Yunyan 301’ and ‘Zhongchuan 208’ tobacco leaves increased with the delay of harvest time. In terms of physical characteristics of tobacco leaves, the stalk percentage decreased, leaf surface density and tension resistance increased. In terms of appearance quality, the color of central tobacco leaves was slightly lighter, and the nicotine content of tobacco leaves decreased. With the increase of harvest maturity, the comprehensive quality of ‘Yunyan 105’ increased first and then decreased. The economic benefit of each variety increased first and then decreased with the delay of harvest time. In general, the middle leaves of ‘Zhongchuan 208’ and ‘Yunyan 301’ can be harvested when they are ripe in the field, while the upper tobacco leaves should be harvested when the fresh tobacco leaves in the field reach the sub-ripe standard, while ‘Yunyan 105’ can be harvested when they are ripe in the field.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, variety, harvest maturity, quality, Xuanwei