欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 1-6.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0472

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

不同施氮量对机械水条播水稻产量及品质的影响

陈书健1(), 陈京都2, 杨呈芹1, 许美刚1(), 高剑波1   

  1. 1 宝应县农业农村局，江苏宝应 225800
    2 扬州市农业农村局，江苏扬州 225000
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-14 修回日期:2022-08-15 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 许美刚，男，1965年出生，江苏宝应人，推广研究员，本科，主要从事农作物栽培技术的研究与推广。通信地址：225824 江苏省扬州市宝应县泰山东路52号 宝应县农业农村局，Tel：0514-88222124，E-mail：byxmg@163.com。
  • 作者简介:

    陈书健，男，1987年出生，江苏宝应人，农艺师，本科，主要从事农作物栽培技术的研究与推广。通信地址：225824 江苏省扬州市宝应县泰山东路52号 宝应县农业农村局，Tel：0514-88222124，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    2021年扬州市重点研发项目“稻麦周年量质协同提升绿色高质高效生产技术创新与集成示范”(YZ2021035); 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“绿色优质高效水稻新品种培育与示范”(CARS-01-65)

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Quality of Rice with Mechanical Sowing in Line Under Water

CHEN Shujian1(), CHEN Jingdu2, YANG Chengqin1, XU Meigang1(), GAO Jianbo1   

  1. 1 Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Baoying County, Baoying, Jiangsu 225800
    2 Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Yangzhou City, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000
  • Received:2022-06-14 Revised:2022-08-15 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-03-23

RichHTML

5

PDF (PC)

50

摘要：

旨在筛选出适宜水条播种植的水稻品种。以‘南粳5718'和‘淮稻5号'为材料，采用机械水条播的方式，在麦秸秆还田条件下，用裂区设计，以施氮量为主区，品种为裂区，设置3个施氮量处理，分别为240 kg/hm2 (N1)，270 kg/hm2(N2)和300 kg/hm2(N3)，研究不同施氮量对机械水条播水稻产量及稻米品质的影响。结果表明：适当增施氮肥可以提高水稻的产量，‘南粳5718'在施氮量270 kg/hm2时，产量构成因素最为协调，产量达到最高；而‘淮稻5号'在施氮量300 kg/hm2时，产量最高。随着施氮量的增加，稻米的糙米率、精米率、整精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度和蛋白质含量逐渐增加，直链淀粉含量逐渐降低；峰值黏度、热浆黏度、崩解值和最终粘度均呈下降的趋势，消减值逐渐增加。适当增施氮肥可以提高稻米的加工品质和营养品质，但外观品质和食味品质降低。同一施氮水平条件下，‘南粳5718'的产量、加工品质、外观品质及食味品质均高于‘淮稻5号'，但其营养品质不及‘淮稻5号'。综合分析认为，在施氮量270 kg/hm2时，可使机械水条播水稻产量和品质达到较为协调统一。

关键词: 水稻, 施氮量, 水条播, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

The aim is to screen suitable rice variety for sowing in line under water. ‘Nanjing 5718' and ‘Huaidao 5' were selected as materials. Under the soil condition of returning wheat straw to field, the method of mechanical sowing in line under water was adopted, and the split plot design was used, with the nitrogen application rate as the main area and the variety as the split plot. Three nitrogen application rate treatments were set up, which were 240 kg/hm2 (N1), 270 kg/hm2 (N2) and 300 kg/hm2 (N3) respectively, to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on rice yield and quality of mechanical sowing in line under water. The results showed that the appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer increased the yield of rice. When the nitrogen application rate of ‘Nanjing 5718' was 270 kg/hm2, the yield components were the most coordinated and the yield reached the highest; while the yield was the highest when the nitrogen application rate of ‘Huaidao 5' was 300 kg/hm2. With the increase of nitrogen application, the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree and protein content of rice gradually increased, while the amylose content decreased. The peak viscosity, hot slurry viscosity, breakdown value and final viscosity all showed a downward trend, and the setback value gradually increased. Proper application of nitrogen fertilizer could improve the processing quality and nutritional quality of rice, but it reduced the quality of appearance and tasting at the same time. Under the same nitrogen application rate, ‘Nanjing 5718' was better than ‘Huaidao 5' in the aspects of yield, processing quality, appearance quality and tasting quality, but its nutritional quality was lower than that of ‘Huaidao 5'. The comprehensive analysis showed that rice yield and quality of mechanical sowing in line under water could be coordinated when the nitrogen application rate was 270 kg/hm2.

Key words: rice, nitrogen application rate, sowing in line under water, yield, quality