2016—2020年广东省海水养殖贝类碳汇能力评估

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0200

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了评估广东省海水养殖贝类的碳汇能力，依据《中国渔业统计年鉴》中广东省海水养殖贝类产量，参考组织干质量比例和组织碳含量，对2016—2020年广东省海水养殖贝类的碳汇能力进行物质量和价值量评估。结果表明2016—2020年期间广东省海水养殖贝类碳汇能力整体较稳定，通过贝类移除碳物质年均15.63万t，相当于移除CO₂ 57.35万t，年均创造经济价值0.86~3.43亿美元。广东省贝类碳汇带来的巨大环境效益以及可观的经济效益，有利于加快实现“双碳”目标，同时应进一步关注贝壳的处理。

关键词: 碳汇渔业, 贝类, 碳汇, 海水养殖, 碳汇核算, 广东省

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the carbon sink capacity of mariculture shellfish in Guangdong Province, based on the output of mariculture shellfish in Guangdong Province in the China Fishery Statistical Yearbook, the quality and value of the carbon sink capacity of mariculture shellfish in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020 were evaluated with reference to tissue dry mass ratio and tissue carbon content. The results showed that the carbon sink capacity of mariculture shellfish in Guangdong Province was stable on the whole. The removal of carbon material by shellfish was 156300 tons per year, equivalent to the removal of 573500 tons of CO₂, and the annual economic value was 86-343 million US dollars. The study shows that the environmental benefits and considerable economic benefits brought by shellfish carbon sink in Guangdong Province are helpful to accelerate the realization of the "double carbon" goal in our country, and we should pay more attention to the treatment of shells at the same time.

Key words: carbon sink fishery, shellfish, carbon sink, mariculture, carbon sink accounting, Guangdong Province

刘金芳, 杨创业, 邓岳文, 王庆恒. 2016—2020年广东省海水养殖贝类碳汇能力评估[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(5): 153-158.

LIU Jinfang, YANG Chuangye, DENG Yuewen, WANG Qingheng. Assessment of Carbon Sink Capacity of Mariculture Shellfish in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(5): 153-158.

图/表 4

参考文献 41

[1]	IIDA Y, TAKATANI Y, KOJIMA A, et al. Global trends of ocean CO₂ sink and ocean acidification: an observation-based reconstruction of surface ocean inorganic carbon variables[J]. Journal of oceanography, 2021, 77:323-358. doi: 10.1007/s10872-020-00571-5
[2]	IPCC. Climate Change 2021:The physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the Sixth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.
[3]	习近平在第七十五届联合国大会一般性辩论上发表重要讲话[N]. 人民日报,2020-09-23(001).
[4]	BEUTTLER C, CHARLES L, WURZBACHER J. The role of direct air capture in mitigation of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions[J]. Frontiers in climate, 2019,1.
[5]	陈武. 中国海洋碳汇渔业发展对碳效益的影响研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2021.
[6]	唐启升, 蒋增杰, 毛玉泽. 渔业碳汇与碳汇渔业定义及其相关问题的辨析[J]. 渔业科学进展, 2022, 43(5):1-7.
[7]	邵桂兰, 孔海峥, 李晨. 中国海水养殖的净碳汇及其与经济耦合关系[J]. 资源科学, 2019, 41(2):277-288. doi: 10.18402/resci.2019.02.07
[8]	周毅, 杨红生, 刘石林, 等. 烟台四十里湾浅海养殖生物及附着生物的化学组成、有机净生产量及其生态效应[J]. 水产学报, 2002(1):21-27.
[9]	TANG Q, ZHANG J, FANG J. Shellfish and seaweed mariculture increase atmospheric CO₂ absorption by coastal ecosystems[J]. Marine ecology progress series, 2011, 424:97-104. doi: 10.3354/meps08979 URL
[10]	纪建悦, 王萍萍. 海水养殖贝类碳汇分解研究——基于修正的Laspeyres指数分解法[J]. 中国渔业经济, 2016, 34(5):79-84.
[11]	于佐安, 谢玺, 朱守维, 等. 辽宁省海水养殖贝藻类碳汇能力评估[J]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2020, 35(3):382-386.
[12]	顾波军, 朱梓豪. 浙江省海水贝藻养殖碳汇能力测算及时空演化[J]. 中国渔业经济, 2021, 39(6):88-95.
[13]	张麋鸣, 颜金培, 叶旺旺, 等. 福建省贝藻类养殖碳汇及其潜力评估[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2022, 41(1):53-59.
[14]	齐占会, 王珺, 黄洪辉, 等. 广东省海水养殖贝藻类碳汇潜力评估[J]. 南方水产科学, 2012, 8(1):30-35.
[15]	廖传松, 刘家寿, 雷鸣, 等. 1978—2017年广东省渔业发展概况浅析[J]. 渔业信息与战略, 2020, 35(2):124-132.
[16]	陈磊. 生物基材料制备纳米碳酸钙工艺研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2020.
[17]	NI Q, LI W, LIANG X, et al. Gill transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular response to the acute low-salinity stress in Cyclina sinensis[J]. Aquaculture reports, 2021, 19:100564. doi: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100564 URL
[18]	岳冬冬, 王鲁民. 中国海水贝类养殖碳汇核算体系初探[J]. 湖南农业科学, 2012(15):120-122,130.
[19]	吕昊泽. 缢蛏、光滑河蓝蛤和河蚬对盐度的适应性及碳、氮收支研究[D]. 上海: 上海海洋大学, 2014.
[20]	柯爱英, 罗振玲, 薛峰, 等. 2004—2014年温州市养殖贝类碳汇强度研究[J]. 水产科技情报, 2016, 43(3):155-159.
[21]	曹占旺, 王大鹏, 何安尤, 等. 流沙湾、营盘珍珠养殖区马氏珠母贝养殖容量的研究[J]. 海洋湖沼通报, 2011(4):106-114.
[22]	FILGUEIRA R, BYRON C J, COMEAU L A, et al. An integrated ecosystem approach for assessing the potential role of cultivated bivalve shells as part of the carbon trading system[J]. Marine ecology progress series, 2015, 518:281-287. doi: 10.3354/meps11048 URL
[23]	MUNARI C, ROSSETTI E, MISTRI M. Shell formation in cultivated bivalves cannot be part of carbon trading systems: A study case with Mytilus galloprovincialis[J]. Marine environmental research, 2013, 92:264-267. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.10.006 URL
[24]	CHAUVAUD L, THOMPSON J K, CLOERN J E, et al. Clams as CO₂generators: The Potamocorbula amurensis example in San Francisco Bay[J]. Limnology and oceanography, 2003, 48(6):2086-2092. doi: 10.4319/lo.2003.48.6.2086 URL
[25]	JANSEN H, JANVAN DEN BOGAARTSEN L. Blue carbon by marine bivalves: Perspective of Carbon sequestration by cultured and wild bivalve stocks in the Dutch coastal areas[R]. Wageningen marine research, 2020.
[26]	WALDBUSSER G G, POWELL E N, MANN R. Ecosystem effects of shell aggregations and cycling in coastal waters: An example of Chesapeake Bay oyster reefs[J]. Ecology, 2013, 94(4):895-903. doi: 10.1890/12-1179.1 URL
[27]	ANGLADA-ORTIZ G, ZAMELCZYK K, MEILLAND J, et al. Planktic foraminiferal and pteropod contributions to carbon dynamics in the Arctic Ocean (North Svalbard Margin)[J]. Frontiers in marine science, 2021, 8:661158. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.661158 URL
[28]	ATTARD K M, RODIL I F, BERG P, et al. Metabolism of a subtidal rocky mussel reef in a high-temperate setting: Pathways of organic C flow[J]. Marine ecology progress series, 2020, 645:41-54. doi: 10.3354/meps13372 URL
[29]	OMOREGIE E, MWATILIFANGE N S I, LISWANISO G. Futuristic ocean acidification levels reduce growth and reproductive viability in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)[J]. Journal of applied sciences and environmental management, 2019, 23(9):1747-1754. doi: 10.4314/jasem.v23i9.21 URL
[30]	葛红星, 赵杰, 董志国. 2016—2020年江苏省海水养殖贝类生产情况及碳汇评估[J]. 江苏海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 31(2):1-6.
[31]	尹钰文, 车鉴, 魏海峰, 等. 辽宁省2010-2019年海水养殖贝藻类碳汇能力评估[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 2022, 39(9):17-23.
[32]	苏兆军, 冯晓, 张倩, 等. 山东省海水养殖碳汇能力评估[J]. 河北渔业, 2022(7):32-35.
[33]	REN W. Study on the removable carbon sink estimation and decomposition of influencing factors of mariculture shellfish and algae in China—a two-dimensional perspective based on scale and structure[J]. Environmental science and pollution research, 2021, 28(17):21528-21539. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-11997-1
[34]	孙立伟, 杨创业, 冯景春, 等. 我国海水贝类养殖低碳效应评价[J]. 海洋通报, 2022, 41(5):593-600.
[35]	徐敬俊, 覃恬恬. 基于Malmquist指数的广东省海水养殖生产效率的实证分析[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 2018, 35(11):98-103.
[36]	邵桂兰, 刘新, 李晨. 海水养殖贝藻类碳汇效率的区域比较研究[J]. 中国渔业经济, 2019, 37(2):35-43.
[37]	张芸, 秦承露, 侯昊晨, 等. 基于生命周期评价法的贝壳资源化利用环境效益分析*——以大连市为例[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2020, 42(1):124-128.
[38]	BACH L T, GILL S J, RICKABY R E M, et al. CO₂ removal with enhanced weathering and ocean alkalinity enhancement: Potential risks and co-benefits for marine pelagic ecosystems[J]. Frontiers in climate, 2019,1.
[39]	KÖHLER P, ABRAMS J F, VÖLKER C, et al. Geoengineering impact of open ocean dissolution of olivine on atmospheric CO₂, surface ocean pH and marine biology[J]. Environmental research letters, 2013, 8(1)9.
[40]	ZIEGLER S L, GRABOWSKI J H, BAILLIE C J, et al. Effects of landscape setting on oyster reef structure and function largely persist more than a decade post-restoration[J]. Restoration ecology, 2018, 26(5):933-942. doi: 10.1111/rec.2018.26.issue-5 URL
[41]	MORRIS J P, BACKELJAU T, CHAPELLE G. Shells from aquaculture: A valuable biomaterial, not a nuisance waste product[J]. Reviews in aquaculture, 2019, 11(1):42-57. doi: 10.1111/raq.2019.11.issue-1 URL

品种	软组织干质量比R_ST/%	贝壳干质量比R_S/%	软组织含碳量W_C/%	贝壳含碳量W_CS/%	参考文献
牡蛎	1.29	63.54	44.9	11.52	[8-9]
扇贝	7.29	56.60	40.73	13.16	[8-9]
贻贝	4.63	70.65	46	12.7	[8-9]
蛤	7.54	45.01	42.84	11.4	[8-9]
蚶	3.66	34.33	40.73	11.29	[8]
蛏	6.6	64.78	44.99	13.24	[19-20]
海水珍珠贝	4.89	39.18	73.66	6.79	[21]
螺、鲍及其他	4.43	56.45	44.99	11.98	[12]

品种	软组织干质量比R_ST/%	贝壳干质量比R_S/%	软组织含碳量W_C/%	贝壳含碳量W_CS/%	参考文献
牡蛎	1.29	63.54	44.9	11.52	[8-9]
扇贝	7.29	56.60	40.73	13.16	[8-9]
贻贝	4.63	70.65	46	12.7	[8-9]
蛤	7.54	45.01	42.84	11.4	[8-9]
蚶	3.66	34.33	40.73	11.29	[8]
蛏	6.6	64.78	44.99	13.24	[19-20]
海水珍珠贝	4.89	39.18	73.66	6.79	[21]
螺、鲍及其他	4.43	56.45	44.99	11.98	[12]