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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 50-57.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0341

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同品种小果型西瓜的品质综合评价

刘璐(), 许文钊, 王林闯, 尹莲, 张雪莲, 罗德旭, 孙玉东, 赵建锋()   

  1. 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所，江苏淮安 223001
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-05 修回日期:2023-11-10 出版日期:2024-04-05 发布日期:2024-04-01
  • 通讯作者:
    赵建锋，男，1977年出生，陕西宝鸡人，副研究员，硕士，主要研究方向：设施蔬菜栽培技术研究。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘璐，女，1993年出生，黑龙江哈尔滨人，研究实习员，硕士，主要研究方向：设施蔬菜栽培技术研究。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    淮安市农业科学研究院院长科研基金资助项目“基于西瓜品质的评价体系构建”(HNY202111); 2021年淮安市自然科学研究计划（指导类）资助项目“西瓜品质的评价体系构建”(HABZ202130); 2021年省政策引导类计划（苏北科技专项）资助项目“基于西瓜品质提升的设施栽培关键技术研究”(SZ-HA2021009); 国家西甜瓜产业技术体系(CARS-25)

Quality Evaluation of Different Varieties of Small Fruit Watermelon

LIU Lu(), XU Wenzhao, WANG Linchuang, YIN Lian, ZHANG Xuelian, LUO Dexu, SUN Yudong, ZHAO Jianfeng()   

  1. Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223001
  • Received:2023-05-05 Revised:2023-11-10 Published:2024-04-05 Online:2024-04-01

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摘要：

为筛选出适合江苏设施栽培条件下的精良小果型西瓜品种，对春季设施条件下10个不同品种小果型西瓜进行品质分析和综合评价。依据品鉴标准由品鉴人员品尝后对西瓜打分，依次对西瓜的外观品质、内在营养品及经济性状进行测定及记录，利用主成分分析法对包含品鉴得分在内的18项指标进行分析，获得10个西瓜品种的综合得分及最终排名。从品鉴结果看，‘苏梦107-446’的评分最高，表现最好；从西瓜果实经济性状方面比较，‘苏梦108-020’的单瓜重和横径最大，‘早春红玉’的果实纵径、果皮厚度和果形指数表现最高，与其他品种差异显著；内在品质中可溶固形物方面，‘苏梦107-446’的中心和边际可溶固形物含量最大；其他内在品质指标方面，‘早春红玉’的蔗糖含量最高，‘苏梦111-034’的柠檬酸含量最高，‘苏梦107-409’的莽草酸含量最高。利用主成分分析法对18项指标进行分析并提取5个主成分，5项主成分的累积贡献率为89.7%，能够解释89.7%的原始数据信息。10个供试小果型西瓜的品质综合得分由高到低为‘苏梦107-409’、‘苏梦111-032’、‘苏梦111-034’、‘苏梦108-020’、‘早春红玉’、‘苏梦107-446’、‘苏梦7号’、‘苏梦10号’、‘苏梦107-462’和‘苏梦108-019’。

关键词: 小果型西瓜, 品种, 指标, 主成分分析, 品质评价, 综合评价

Abstract:

In order to select the excellent small-fruit watermelon varieties suitable for the facility cultivation in Jiangsu Province, the quality analysis and comprehensive evaluation of 10 different varieties of small-fruit watermelon were carried out in spring. According to the tasting criteria, watermelons were scored by the tasting personnel after tasting, and the appearance quality, internal nutrition and economic characteristics of watermelons were measured and recorded in turn. Principal component analysis was used to analyze 18 indicators including tasting scores, and the comprehensive scores and final rankings of 10 watermelon varieties were obtained. Judging from the tasting results, ‘Sumeng 107-446’ had the highest score and the best performance. In terms of fruit economic characteristics, ‘Sumeng 108-020’ showed the largest single fruit weight and transverse diameter, and ‘Early Spring Ruby’ had the topmost fruit longitudinal diameter, skin thickness and fruit shape index, which were significantly different from other watermelon varieties. In terms of internal quality of soluble solids, ‘Sumeng 107-446’ exhibited the supreme content of central and marginal soluble solids. In terms of other intrinsic quality indicators, ‘Early Spring Ruby’ had the top sucrose content, ‘Sumeng 111-034’ had the upmost citric acid content, and ‘Sumeng 107-409’ showed the highest shikimic acid content. Principal component analysis was utilized to analyze 18 indicators and extract 5 principal components. The cumulative contribution rate of the 5 principal components was 89.7%, which could explain 89.7% of the original data information. The overall quality scores of 10 small fruit watermelons in the test were ‘Sumeng 107-409’> ‘Sumeng 111-032’> ‘Sumeng 111-034’> ‘Sumeng 108-020’> ‘Early Spring Carbuncle’> ‘Sumeng 107-446’> ‘Sumeng No.7’> ‘Sumeng No.10’> ‘Sumeng 107-462’> ‘Sumeng 108-019’.

Key words: small fruit watermelon, variety, index, principal component analysis, quality evaluation, comprehensive evaluation