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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 74-83.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0349

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

农业废弃物还田减碳增汇与土壤改良的研究——以中药渣+秸秆为例

刘士亮1(), 王钰2, 管秀静2, 张洞博2, 许莉3, 周蒙蒙4, 夏维2()   

  1. 1 临沂市河东区农业农村发展服务中心,山东临沂 276034
    2 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津 300191
    3 天津市环科环境科技有限公司,天津 300191
    4 德州市禹城市农业农村局,山东德州 251200
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-25 修回日期:2025-07-15 出版日期:2025-08-19 发布日期:2025-08-19
  • 通讯作者:
    夏维,女,1981年出生,河北文安人,硕士,主要从事土壤改良、乡村环境规划与评价研究。通信地址:300191 天津市南开区复康路31号,Tel:022-23610057,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    刘士亮,男,1986年出生,山东临沂人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事农学、生态农业方面的研究和推广工作。通信地址:276034 山东省临沂市河东区东兴路1555号,Tel:0539-2932262,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院科技创新工程(2025-CAAS-CXGC-SRG)

Research on Effect of Agricultural Waste Returning to Field on Reducing Carbon Emissions, Increasing Carbon Sink and Improving Soil: Taking TCMR + Straw as An Example

LIU Shiliang1(), WANG Yu2, GUAN Xiujing2, ZHANG Dongbo2, XU Li3, ZHOU Mengmeng4, XIA Wei2()   

  1. 1 Hedong District Agricultural and Rural Development Service Center of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong 276034
    2 Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191
    3 Tianjin Huanke Environmental Technology Co., Ltds, Tianjin 300191
    4 Yucheng Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Dezhou City, Dezhou, Shandong 251200
  • Received:2025-04-25 Revised:2025-07-15 Published:2025-08-19 Online:2025-08-19

摘要:

农业减碳增汇是应对气候变化的关键策略。秸秆还田作为中国重要的土壤固碳途径,其常规应用易引发土传病虫害且固碳效果不稳定。为此,本研究创新性地提出中药渣与秸秆协同还田模式,旨在阐明其增效机制:即利用中药渣有效抑制秸秆还田引发的土传病虫害,并协同优化土壤养分结构,从而提升固碳效率。本研究主要采用文献综述与案例分析相结合的方法,系统梳理了中药渣土壤施用现状及其对作物生长的影响,重点评估了该协同还田模式在缓解温室气体排放、增强农田土壤碳汇能力方面的潜力。研究结果表明,中药渣与秸秆协同还田能显著提高土壤有机质含量,有效改良酸化及盐碱化土壤,并同时促进作物增产提质。中国作为秸秆和中药材生产大国,推广该技术可实现两种固体废弃物的规模化资源利用,为废弃物循环利用提供创新路径。该模式对推动实现中国“双碳”战略目标和农业可持续发展具有重要实践价值,有望达成作物稳产优质与农田生态环境改善的双赢目标。

关键词: 中药渣, 秸秆还田, 减碳增汇, 土壤改良

Abstract:

Agricultural carbon reduction and sink increase is a key strategy to cope with climate change. Straw returning is one of the most effective methods for sequestering carbon in soil. However, the conventional straw returning methods currently used in China are often associated with the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and pests, and their carbon sequestration performance lacks stability. Therefore, this study innovatively proposed the synergistic returning mode of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Residues (TCMR) and straw, aiming to clarify its synergistic mechanism, which using TCMR to effectively inhibit soil-borne pests and diseases caused by straw returning, and synergistically optimize soil nutrient structure, so as to improve carbon sequestration efficiency. This study mainly used the method of literature review and case analysis to systematically sort out the current situation of soil application of TCMR and its impact on crop growth, and focused on evaluating the potential of this synergistic returning mode in alleviating greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing farmland soil carbon sink capacity. The results showed that the combined application of TCMR and straw could significantly increase soil organic matter content, effectively improve acidified and saline-alkali soil, and promote crop yield and quality. As a major producer of straw and Chinese medicinal materials, the promotion of this technology can realize the large-scale resource utilization of two kinds of agricultural solid wastes and provide an innovative path for waste recycling. Their combined capacity for carbon emission reduction, carbon sequestration, and soil improvement is also of significant importance for achieving China’s “dual carbon” goals and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture, with the potential to simultaneously enhance crop yields and improve ecological quality.

Key words: TCMR, straw return, carbon reduction and carbon sequestration increase, soil improvement