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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (25): 126-133.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0803

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

农田区害鼠优势种黑线姬鼠种群数量变化规律及预测预报

秦治勇(), 白智江, 杨再学()   

  1. 贵州省余庆县植保植检站,贵州余庆 564400
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-31 修回日期:2025-04-28 出版日期:2025-09-05 发布日期:2025-09-16
  • 通讯作者:
    杨再学,男,1976年出生,贵州余庆人,推广研究员,本科,研究方向:鼠害研究和植保技术推广。通信地址:564400 贵州省余庆县子营路194号 余庆县植保植检站,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    秦治勇,男,1976年出生,贵州余庆人,高级农艺师,大专,研究方向:植保技术推广。通信地址:564400 贵州省余庆县子营路194号 余庆县植保植检站,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目“贵州省鼠害人才团队持续性培养期项目”(黔科合人才〔2015〕4019号); 遵义市首批市级人才基地建设项目“贵州省农区鼠害绿色防控技术应用人才基地项目”(遵委〔2019〕69号)

Population Change Law and Forecast of Dominant Rodent Species Apodemus agrarius in Farmland Area

QIN Zhiyong(), BAI Zhijiang, YANG Zaixue()   

  1. Yuqing Plant Protection Station, Yuqing, Guizhou 564400
  • Received:2024-12-31 Revised:2025-04-28 Published:2025-09-05 Online:2025-09-16

摘要:

进一步摸清贵州省余庆县农田区害鼠优势种黑线姬鼠种群数量变化规律,为其种群数量预测预报及科学防控提供科学依据。对贵州省余庆县2006—2024年农田区害鼠优势种黑线姬鼠的种群数量监测数据进行分析研究。研究期间的19年共调查228次,农田区黑线姬鼠占总捕获鼠类的81.54%,为当地农田区害鼠优势种,多年平均捕获率为4.24%。每年的6、7月和10、11月出现2次种群数量高峰期,平均捕获率分别为5.42%、4.65%和4.33%、4.88%。不同年度种群数量差异极显著,不同月份种群数量差异显著,不同季节种群数量有差异但不显著。建立了黑线姬鼠2月和3月平均捕获率预测数量高峰(6月)种群数量预测预报模型(I1)Y=2.4687+0.7667X,可提前3个月预测6月种群数量,经回测验证,捕获率平均吻合率为90.55%;建立了黑线姬鼠7月捕获率预测数量高峰(11月)种群数量预测预报模型(I2)Y=2.3404+0.5471X,可提前4个月预测11月种群数量,经回测验证,捕获率平均吻合率为89.53%。研究摸清了农田区黑线姬鼠种群组成及种群数量变化规律,明确了春秋两季是农田区黑线姬鼠种群数量高峰期,黑线姬鼠是当地“鼠口夺粮”重点监测和防控的主要对象,建立了种群数量高峰预测预报模型,预测结果相对准确,易于操作和掌握,可以用于基层指导黑线姬鼠种群数量预测预报和防控工作。

关键词: 黑线姬鼠, 种群组成, 种群数量, 变化规律, 预测预报模型, 余庆县

Abstract:

In order to further understand the population change law of Apodemus agrarius, the dominant rodent species, in the farmland area in Yuqing County, Guizhou Province, and provide scientific basis for its population prediction and scientific prevention and control, the monitoring data of A. agrarius, in farmland area of Yuqing County from 2006 to 2024 were analyzed. During the study period, A. agrarius accounted for 81.54% of the total rodents captured in farmland, which was the dominant species of rodents in local farmland, with an average capture rate of 4.24% for many years. In a year, the population number peaked twice in June-July and October-November, and the average catch rates were 5.42%, 4.65%, 4.33% and 4.88% respectively. There are extremely significant differences in population numbers in different years, the difference in different months was significant, and the difference in different seasons was not significant. A prediction model (I1) for the average capture rate of A. agrarius in February and March, and population in June was established: Y=2.4687+0.7667X, which can predict the population of A. agrarius in June three months in advance, and the average coincidence rate of the capture rate was 90.55% after back testing. A forecasting model (I2) for the average capture rate of A. agrarius in July, and November population was established: Y=2.3404+0.5471X, which can forecast the population in November four months in advance. The average coincidence rate of the capture rate was 89.53% after back-testing. In this study, the population composition of A. agrarius in farmland and the change law of population quantity were found out, and it was clear that spring and autumn were the peak seasons of A. agrarius population in farmland, and A. agrarius was still the main local target. The prediction model of population quantity peak was established, and the prediction results were accurate, easy to operate and master, which could be used to guide the prediction and prevention of A. agrarius population at the grass-roots level.

Key words: Apodemus agrarius, population composition, population size, law of change, forecast model, Yuqing County