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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 48-56.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0221

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

NaCl和Na2SO4盐胁迫对陆地棉种子萌发的影响及耐盐种质的筛选

罗静1(), 杜珊珊1, 姚青青1, 王东力1, 何忠盛1, 孙绘健1(), 王瑞军2   

  1. 1 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业科学研究院, 新疆库尔勒 841000
    2 新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业发展服务中心, 新疆库尔勒 841000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-20 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-02-09
  • 通讯作者:
    孙绘健,男,1982年出生,高级农艺师,硕士研究生,主要从事棉花育种与栽培。通信地址:841000 新疆库尔勒市英下路 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业科学研究院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    罗静,女,1985年出生,高级农艺师,硕士研究生,主要从事棉花育种与栽培。通信地址:841000 新疆库尔勒市英下路 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业科学研究院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团第二师铁门关市科技计划项目“第二师机采棉滴水出苗关键技术研究与集成示范”(2023GG1501); 新疆棉花产业技术体系巴州综合试验站(XJARS-03-25)

Effect of NaCl and Na2SO4 Salt Stress on the Germination of Upland Cotton Seeds and Screening of Salt-tolerant Germplasm

LUO Jing1(), DU Shanshan1, YAO Qingqing1, WANG Dongli1, HE Zhongsheng1, SUN Huijian1(), WANG Ruijun2   

  1. 1 Xinjiang Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture Agricultural Science Research Institute, Korla, Xinjiang 841000
    2 The Agricultural Development Service Center of the Second Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Korla, Xinjiang 841000
  • Received:2025-03-20 Revised:2025-10-11 Published:2026-02-15 Online:2026-02-09

摘要:

针对新疆盐渍土中NaCl和Na2SO4为主的盐胁迫制约棉花生产,且单一盐胁迫鉴定不全面的问题,为筛选稳定耐盐种质,综合评估不同材料的耐盐性。本研究以75份陆地棉种质为试验材料,采用150 mmol/L NaCl和Na2SO4模拟盐胁迫,测定发芽势、发芽率、下胚轴长、根长和鲜重等5个性状,结合主成分分析、隶属函数法以及聚类分析对耐盐性进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)相较于对照组,2种盐胁迫均对各项萌发指标有不同程度的抑制作用,且Na2SO4的抑制作用强于NaCl。(2)聚类分析显示,在欧氏距离5处2种盐胁迫下均可将供试材料划分为5个耐盐等级。NaCl盐胁迫下,高耐型6份(占比8.00%),耐盐型13份(占比17.33%),中耐型22份(占比29.33%),敏感型25份(占比33.33%),高感型9份(占比12.00%);Na2SO4盐胁迫下,高耐型仅有1份(占比1.33%),耐盐型6份(占比8.00%),中耐型16份(占比21.33%),敏感型37份(占比49.33%),高感型15份(占比20.00%)。(3)2种盐胁迫条件下耐盐性表现一致的材料共有22份,其中高耐型1份,耐盐型1份。不同陆地棉种质萌发期耐盐性差异显著,‘中棉所96B’和‘新陆中73号’为2种盐胁迫下均稳定的耐盐种质。未来可结合苗期耐盐性鉴定及分子标记分析,深化耐盐机制研究,为棉花耐盐育种提供更全面支撑。

关键词: 陆地棉, 种子, 萌发期, NaCl, Na2SO4, 相关性分析, 主成分分析, 隶属函数, 聚类分析

Abstract:

In response to the salt stress caused by NaCl and Na2SO4 in saline soil that restricts cotton production, and the problem that single salt stress identification is not comprehensive, in order to screen stable salt-tolerant varieties and comprehensively evaluate the salt tolerance of different materials, this study used 75 land cotton varieties as the experimental materials and simulated salt stress with 150 mmol/L NaCl and Na2SO4. The five traits such as germination potential, germination rate, hypocotyl length, root length and fresh weight were measured. Principal component analysis, membership function method and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the salt tolerance. The results revealed as follows. (1) Compared with the control group, both salt stresses had different degrees of inhibitory effects on various germination indicators, and the inhibitory effect of Na2SO4 was stronger than that of NaCl. (2) Cluster analysis showed that under the Euclidean distance of 5, both salt stresses could divide the tested materials into 5 salt tolerance grades. Under NaCl salt stress, there were 6 high-tolerance varieties (accounting for 8.00%), 13 salt-tolerant varieties (accounting for 17.33%), 22 medium-tolerant varieties (accounting for 29.33%), 25 sensitive varieties (accounting for 33.33%), and 9 highly-sensitive varieties (accounting for 12.00%); under Na2SO4 salt stress, there was only 1 high-tolerance variety (accounting for 1.33%), 6 salt-tolerant varieties (accounting for 8.00%), 16 medium-tolerant varieties (accounting for 21.33%), 37 sensitive varieties (accounting for 49.33%), and 15 highly-sensitive varieties (accounting for 20.00%). (3) Under both salt stress conditions, materials with consistent salt tolerance performance were 22 in total, including 1 high-tolerance variety and 1 salt-tolerant variety. The salt tolerance of different land cotton varieties at the germination stage showed significant differences. 'Zhongmiansuo 96B' and 'Xinluzhong 73' were stable salt-tolerant varieties under both salt stress conditions. In the future, combined with the identification of salt tolerance at the seedling stage and molecular marker analysis, the research on the salt tolerance mechanism can be deepened, providing more comprehensive support for cotton salt-tolerance breeding.

Key words: upland cotton, seed, germination period, NaCl, Na2SO4, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, membership function, cluster analysis