欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 124-129.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0672

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

六安脆桃春季低温天气指数保险研究与应用

刘洪民1(), 刘瑞娜2(), 谢明鸣3, 杨太明2   

  1. 1 六安市气象局， 安徽六安 237011
    2 安徽省农业气象中心/安徽省农业生态大数据工程实验室， 合肥 230031
    3 国元农业保险股份有限公司六安中心支公司， 安徽六安 237011
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-11 修回日期:2026-03-02 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-05-15
  • 通讯作者:
    刘瑞娜，女，1986年出生，安徽太和人，高级工程师，硕士研究生，研究方向：农业气象灾害风险评估与风险转移。通信地址：230031 安徽省合肥市蜀山区史河路16号 安徽省气象局，Tel：0551-62290449，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘洪民，男，1979年出生，江苏宝应人，高级工程师，本科，研究方向：气象防灾减灾和气象服务。通信地址：237011 安徽省六安市金安区东市街道长安南路209号 六安市气象局，Tel：0564-3282957，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    安徽省气象局创新发展专项“大气科学与卫星遥感安徽省重点实验室开放课题”(CXM202309)

Research and Application of Spring Low Temperature Weather Index Insurance for Lu’an Crispy Peaches

LIU Hongmin1(), LIU Ruina2(), XIE Mingming3, YANG Taiming2   

  1. 1 Lu’an Meteorological Bureau, Lu’an, Anhui 237011
    2 Anhui Agricultural Meteorological Center/Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Big Data, Hefei 230031
    3 Lu’an Central Branch of Guoyuan Agricultural Insurance Company, Lu’an, Anhui 237011
  • Received:2025-08-11 Revised:2026-03-02 Published:2026-05-15 Online:2026-05-15

RichHTML

2

PDF (PC)

2

摘要：

为了解决传统农业保险在桃产业风险保障中的定损难、理赔慢、道德风险高等问题，通过构建科学的天气指数保险机制，精准高效转移桃种植风险，稳定桃产业收益。本文基于六安市1991—2020年脆桃春季花期气温数据，以日最低气温达到0℃作为低温冻害的关键致灾因子临界值，定义六安脆桃花期低温天气指数(I)为保险期内花期低温事件的最大持续天数。以此为基础，使用K-均值聚类分析方法，建立脆桃花期低温冻害等级指标，设计脆桃花期低温冻害天气保险指数，并且试点推广应用。结果表明：六安脆桃低温冻害分为轻度(0<I≤1)、中度(1<I≤3)、重度(3<I≤5）、特重(I>5）共4个等级。当低温冻害天气指数≥2 d时，启动赔付，赔付比例为6%~50%。1991—2020年六安市脆桃低温冻害的平均赔付比例（即费率）为5.1%，平均赔付金额为770元/hm2。试点推广应用显示该天气指数保险产品基本合理，研究结果可为农业保险公司设计脆桃春季低温天气指数保险产品提供科学技术支撑。

关键词: 六安脆桃, 春季种植, 低温冻害, 天气指数, 保险产品

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of traditional agricultural insurance in the risk protection of peach industry, such as difficult loss determination, slow claim settlement and high moral hazard, the scientific weather index insurance mechanism was constructed to accurately and efficiently transfer the risk of peach planting and stabilize the income of peach industry. Based on the spring flowering temperature data of crisp peach in Lu'an from 1991 to 2020, taking the daily minimum temperature of 0℃ as the critical value of the key disaster causing factor of low temperature freezing injury, this paper defines the low temperature weather index (I) of crisp peach in Lu'an as the maximum duration of low temperature events during the flowering period in the insurance period. On this basis, the K-means clustering analysis method was used to establish the low-temperature freezing injury grade index of crisp peach at flowering stage, and the low-temperature freezing injury weather insurance index of crisp peach at flowering stage was designed, which was popularized and applied in pilot projects. The results showed that the low temperature freezing injury of Lu'an crisp peach could be divided into four grades: mild (0<I≤1), moderate (1<I≤3), severe (3<I≤5) and extra heavy (I>5). When the weather index of low temperature and freezing injury was ≥2 d, the compensation was started, and the compensation proportion was 6%-50%. The average compensation rate of low temperature and freezing injury of crisp peaches in Lu'an from 1991 to 2020 was 5.1%, and the average compensation amount was 770 yuan per hectare. The pilot application shows that the weather index insurance product is basically reasonable, and the research results can provide scientific and technical support for agricultural insurance companies to design crisp peach spring low temperature weather index insurance products.

Key words: Lu'an crispy peach, spring planting, cold damage, weather index, insurance product

中图分类号: