欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (18): 23-27.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16010033

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

低温对不同土壤湿度下小麦植株性状和产量影响研究

任德超1,李国强2,倪永静1,刘红杰1,陈丹丹2,胡 新1   

  1. (1商丘市农林科学院,河南商丘 476000；2河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,郑州 450002）
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-08 修回日期:2016-01-27 接受日期:2016-02-25 出版日期:2016-06-28 发布日期:2016-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 胡新
  • 基金资助:
    “十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题项目“低温灾害防控关键技术研究与应用”(2012BAD20B03)；“国家现代农业产业技术体系”专项资金“国家小麦产业技术体系专项”(CARS-03-2-32)；河南省农业科学院“河南省农科院优秀青年基金”“低温冻害对河南小麦生产影响的模拟研究”(2013YQ23)。

Effect of Low-temperature on Wheat Plant Traits and Yield Under Different Soil Moisture

Ren Dechao1, Li Guoqiang2, Ni Yongjing1, Liu Hongjie1, Chen Dandan2, Hu Xin1   

  1. (1Shangqiu Research Institute of Agricultural Science, Shangqiu Henan 476000; 2Agricultural Economy & Information Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002)
  • Received:2016-01-08 Revised:2016-01-27 Accepted:2016-02-25 Online:2016-06-28 Published:2016-06-28

PDF (PC)

682

摘要： 为研究小麦在不同土壤湿度下经受低温冻害后植株性状和产量变化规律，以‘周麦22’为研究对象，研究了拔节期小麦在-6℃（植株体温度）低温环境下维持4 h，土壤重量含水量为26%、18%、10%时，小麦后期植株性状和产量的变化。研究结果显示：随着土壤重量含水量的增加，低温冻害对小麦株高、最低茎高、穗下节长、倒二节长和生物产量的影响逐渐降低，土壤重量含水量接近10%时，小麦植株性状则显著降低。随着土壤重量含水量的增加，低温冻害对小麦产量的影响逐渐减轻，土壤重量含水量接近18%时，小麦产量则显著降低，且低温对不同土壤重量含水量环境下小麦穗粒数影响大，对穗数和千粒重影响较小。低温处理后不同土壤湿度处理之间，处理W（土壤含水量26%）、处理M（土壤含水量18%）、处理D（土壤含水量10%）和CK潜蘖穗数差异显著(P<0.05)，处理W、CK和处理M、处理D之间大穗产量存在显著差异(P<0.05)，其余处理之间均差异不显著。该试验为预防和降低小麦低温灾害及小麦生产提供技术帮助。

关键词: 电子鼻, 电子鼻, 冻藏, 草莓

Abstract: In order to study wheat plant traits and yield change with low-temperature freezing under different soil moisture, ‘Zhoumai 22’ was chosen as experimental subject, wheat plant traits and yield in late stage were analyzed under soil moisture of 26%, 18% and 10% with low-temperature freezing by keeping the wheat plant in -6℃ (plant body temperature) low-temperature environment for 4 h in its jointing stage. The results showed that the freezing injury effect on wheat plant height, the minimum stem height, peduncle length, top second peduncle length and biological yield decreased gradually with the increase of soil moisture. When soil moisture was close to 10%, the effect on wheat plant traits significantly decreased. Meanwhile, with the increase of soil moisture, the freezing injury effect on wheat yield decreased gradually. When soil moisture was close to 18%, the wheat yield significantly decreased, and the influence of low-temperature on grain numbers of per spike were great and while it had little effect on spike number and 1000 grain weight. After low temperature treatment, the difference of potential tiller spike number among different soil moisture treatments W (26%), M (18%), D (10%) and CK was obvious (P<0.05), the difference of large spike yield among the treatment of W, CK and M, D was also obvious (P<0.05), while, the difference was not significant among other treatments. The experiment provided technical assistance for preventing and reducing cold disaster and improving wheat production.