欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (16): 25-36.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0850

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同花生品种光合能力和源库关系对产量的影响

唐桂英1,2,3(), 徐平丽1,2,3, 王建国1,2,3, 江春雨4, 单雷1,2,3(), 万书波1,2,3()   

  1. 1 山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所， 济南 250100
    2 山东省大田作物生理生态与高效生产重点实验室（筹）， 济南 250100
    3 山东省农业种质资源创新国际联合实验室， 济南 250100
    4 山东师范大学生命科学学院， 济南 250014
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-06 修回日期:2025-12-11 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
  • 通讯作者:
    单雷，女，1965年出生，山东高密人，研究员，博士，主要从事植物分子遗传学和花生遗传育种研究。通信地址：250100 山东济南历城区工业北路23788号 山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所，Tel：0531-66659435，E-mail：。
    万书波，男，1962年出生，山东栖霞人，研究员，学士，主要从事花生栽培生理研究。通信地址：250100 山东济南历城区工业北路23788号 山东省农业科学院，Tel：0531-66658127，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    唐桂英，女，1978年出生，山东郓城人，副研究员，硕士，主要从事花生分子遗传学研究。通信地址：250100 山东济南历城区工业北路23788号 山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所，Tel：0531-66659435，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划（农业良种工程）项目“‘柘山花生’优质新品种选育与企业创新能力提升”(2023LZGCQY019); 山东省重点研发计划（农业良种工程）项目“‘泗水花生’高油酸新品种培育与企业创新能力提升”(2022LZGCQY014); 济南市高校20条项目“主要粮经作物水肥高效利用机理与应用研究”(202534088)

Effects of Photosynthetic Capacity and Source-sink Relationship on Their Yields in Different Peanut Cultivars

TANG Guiying1,2,3(), XU Pingli1,2,3, WANG Jianguo1,2,3, JIANG Chunyu4, SHAN Lei1,2,3(), WAN Shubo1,2,3()   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100
    2 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Field Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Efficient Production (Under Construction), Jinan 250100
    3 Shandong International Cooperation Laboratory for Agricultural Germplasm Resource Innovation, Jinan 250100
    4 Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014
  • Received:2025-10-06 Revised:2025-12-11 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-08-20

RichHTML

4

PDF (PC)

4

摘要：

本研究旨在明确‘舜花11号’(SH11)、‘舜花14号’(SH14)及其亲本‘鲁花14号’(LH14)、‘花育19号’(HY19)、‘开农176’(KN176)，以及高产品种‘丰花1号’(FH1)等6个花生品种的库源协调性与产量的关系。通过生理、生化方法测定各品种叶片的光合指标（净光合速率Pn）、相对叶绿素含量（SPAD值）、蔗糖磷酸合酶(SPS)和蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性，以及糖分、蛋白和脂肪含量；通过表型考察获得了单株荚果、籽仁干重和数量等产量相关数据。研究发现，在开花结实期，‘SH14’的净光合速率(Pn)为(24.40±1.06) μmol/(m2·s)，高于其他品种；在成熟期，‘SH14’仍保持较高的相对叶绿素含量，其倒3、倒4叶的SPAD值分别为32.80±2.00、40.60±0.62，显示出其优异的后期光合能力；在荚果充实期，‘SH14’的籽仁具有较高的SPS活性、SS-I （分解方向）活性和较低的SS-II （合成方向）活性。与其他品种相比，‘SH14’与‘KN176’在多个与库大小相关的产量指标上表现突出，其单株荚果重、总果数、总仁数分别为(51.82±3.69)和(52.86±16.33) g、(43.67±4.36)和(52.11±16.56)个、(68.67±4.85)和(71.11±15.96)个；尽管‘SH14’单株生物量低于‘LH14’‘FH1’‘KN176’，但其收获指数(HI)、根冠比(R/S)均高于其他品种（‘SH14’的HI和R/S分别为0.61±0.04和0.096±0.026；HI排第2位的‘KN176’为0.60±0.05、R/S排第2位的‘SH11’为0.080±0.022），表明‘SH14’库源关系协调性优于包括其母本‘HY19’和其父本‘KN176’在内的其他品种。‘SH14’充足的库器官为其高产提供了重要的结构基础，其协调良好的库源关系及畅通的“流”保障了光合产物在荚果、籽仁中的有效分配和积累。

关键词: 花生, 光合能力, 源库关系, 蔗糖合成相关酶, 光合产物分配, 产量, 收获指数, 根冠比

Abstract:

This study aims to clarify the relationship between source-sink coordination and yield in six peanut varieties, including ‘Shunhua 11’ (SH11), ‘Shunhua 14’ (SH14), and their parents ‘Luhua 14’ (LH14), ‘Huayu 19’ (HY19), ‘Kainong 176’ (KN176), and high-yield variety ‘Fenghua 1’ (FH1). Physiological, biochemical, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure several photosynthetic parameters, the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SS), as well as sugar, protein, and fat content in the leaves or pods of each variety. Phenotypic assessments were performed to obtain yield-related data such as pod weight, kernel weight, and quantity per plant. It was found that ‘SH14’ exhibited a net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of (24.40±1.06) μmol/(m2·s), higher than those in other varieties during the flowering and pod-setting period. At the maturation stage, ‘SH14’ maintained higher relative chlorophyll content (SPAD values of 32.80±2.00 and 40.60±0.62 for the third and fourth leaves from the top, respectively). Additionally, during the pod-filling stage, ‘SH14’ showed higher SPS and SS-I (degradation direction) activity and lower SS-II (synthesis direction) activity in the kernels. Compared to other varieties, ‘SH14’ and ‘KN176’ demonstrated outstanding performance in multiple sink size-related indicators. Their pod weight per plant, total number of pods, and total number of kernels were (51.82±3.69) and (52.86±16.33) g, 43.67±4.36 and 52.11±16.56, and 68.67±4.85 and 71.11±15.96, respectively. Although ‘SH14’ had lower plant biomass than that of ‘LH14’, ‘FH1’, and ‘KN176’, its harvest index (HI) and root-to-shoot ratio (R/S) were higher than those of other varieties (HI and R/S of ‘SH14’ were 0.61±0.04 and 0.096±0.026, respectively; the second-highest HI was ‘KN176’ at 0.60±0.05, and the second-highest R/S was ‘SH11’ at 0.080±0.022). These results indicate that ‘SH14’ exhibits better source-sink coordination than other varieties, including its maternal parent ‘HY19’ and paternal parent ‘KN176’. The well-developed sink organs of ‘SH14’ provide a crucial structural foundation for high yield, in the meanwhile, its harmonious sink-source relationship and unobstructed “flow” ensure the effective distribution and accumulation of assimilates in pods and kernels.

Key words: peanut (Arachis hypogaea), photosynthetic capacity, source-sink relationship, surcrose synthase-related enzymes, distribution of photoassimilates, yield, harvest index (HI), root-shoot ratio (R/S)

中图分类号: