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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 16-23.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0665

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

花生辐照新品种‘临花16号’选育与适应性评价

方瑞元1(), 郭峰2, 孙卿3, 李晓英4, 彭美祥3, 赵孝东1, 田磊1, 孙伟1()   

  1. 1 临沂市农业科学院， 山东临沂 276000
    2 山东省农业科学院， 济南 250100
    3 临沂市农业技术推广中心， 山东临沂 276000
    4 日照市农业技术服务中心， 山东日照 276800
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-08 修回日期:2026-01-11 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-05-15
  • 通讯作者:
    孙伟，男，1980年出生，山东临沂人，正高级农艺师，硕士，研究方向：花生育种与栽培。通信地址：276000 山东省临沂市兰山区涑河北街351号 临沂市农业科学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    方瑞元，男，1986年出生，安徽阜阳人，高级农艺师，硕士，研究方向：花生育种与栽培。通信地址：276000 山东省临沂市兰山区涑河北街351号 临沂市农业科学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-13); 沂蒙种业高质量发展项目(YMZYFZ-2025)

Breeding and Adaptability Evaluation of New Irradiation-Induced Peanut Variety‘Linhua 16’

FANG Ruiyuan1(), GUO Feng2, SUN Qing3, LI Xiaoying4, PENG Meixiang3, ZHAO Xiaodong1, TIAN Lei1, SUN Wei1()   

  1. 1 Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linyi, Shandong 276000
    2 Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100
    3 Linyi Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Linyi, Shandong 276000
    4 Rizhao Agricultural Technology Service Center, Rizhao, Shandong 276800
  • Received:2025-08-08 Revised:2026-01-11 Published:2026-05-15 Online:2026-05-15

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摘要：

为评价鲜食花生新品种‘临花16号’的产量表现、品质特征及区域适应性，并为其扩大适宜种植区域和推广应用提供依据。本研究以地方甜花生资源‘河北农家甜花生’为材料，经60Co-γ射线诱变与多代定向筛选，育成鲜食花生新品种‘临花16号’，并于2019年通过全国非主要农作物品种登记，登记编号为：GPD花生(2019)370023。连续2年（2013—2014年）参加山东省区试试验，结果表明，荚果和籽仁平均产量分别为5675.51 kg/hm2和4113.17 kg/hm2，较对照‘山花9号’分别增产9.20%和10.47%。2023年参加全国9个节点的鲜食花生展示与验证联合试验，结果表明：‘临花16号’全生育周期115~145 d，平均百果重210.15 g，平均百仁重80.48 g，平均出仁率71.57%，平均蔗糖含量6.09 g/100 g，荚果和籽仁平均产量4578.45 kg/hm2和3283.15 kg/hm2。综上，‘临花16号’兼具高甜鲜食、较强的稳产增产潜力和较广的区域适应性，适宜在华北平原、辽东半岛等低海拔温带地区推广种植。研究进一步强调了挖掘与收集优质亲本资源的重要意义，所获得的突变群体为后续花生定向育种与遗传改良提供了新的种质材料与研究基础。

关键词: 临花16号, 鲜食花生, 蔗糖含量, 辐照诱变, 品种选育, 区域试验, 适应性评价

Abstract:

This study aims to evaluate the yield performance, quality traits, and regional adaptability of ‘Linhua 16’, a new fresh-eating peanut cultivar developed through irradiation-induced mutagenesis, and to provide a basis for expanding its suitable cultivation regions and promoting its application. Using a sweet local peanut landrace from Hebei Province ‘Hebei Nongjia Tianhuasheng’ as the donor material, ‘Linhua 16’ was bred through 60Co-γ irradiation followed by multi-generation directional selection, and was registered in 2019 under China’s National Variety Registration System for Non-major Crops, with the registration number of GPD Peanut (2019) 370023. In the Shandong Provincial Regional Trials conducted over two consecutive years (2013-2014), the average pod yield and kernel yield of ‘Linhua 16’ were 5675.51 and 4113.17 kg/hm2, respectively, which were 9.20% and 10.47% higher than those of the control cultivar (‘Shanhua 9’). In 2023, ‘Linhua 16’ was included in a joint national demonstration and validation trial for fresh-eating peanut at nine locations. The results showed that its whole growth period ranged from 115 to 145 d, with an average 100-pod weight of 210.15 g, average 100-kernel weight of 80.48 g, average shelling percentage of 71.57%, and average sucrose content of 6.09 g/100 g. The average pod yield and kernel yield were 4578.45 and 3283.15 kg/hm2, respectively. Overall, ‘Linhua 16’ combines desirable sweetness for fresh consumption, strong potential for high and stable yield, and broad regional adaptability, making it suitable for cultivation in low-altitude temperate regions such as the North China Plain and the Liaodong Peninsula. This study further highlights the importance of exploring and collecting high-quality parental germplasm resources. The mutant population obtained in this study also provides new germplasm and a research foundation for future targeted peanut breeding and genetic improvement.

Key words: ‘Linhua 16’, fresh-eating peanut, sucrose content, irradiation-induced mutagenesis, variety breeding, regional trials, adaptability evaluation

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