魔芋不同繁殖材料田间生理指标研究初报

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 尿液嘌呤衍生物法作为一种估测瘤胃微生物蛋白质合成量的新方法，克服了原有方法的缺点，简单易行，通过欧洲牛羊的实验证明该方法与其它方法的测定结果有很好的一致性，但此方法亦有其不足。由于尿中嘌呤衍生物排出量受动物品种的影响很大，不同品种间无通用性，所以现有的研究成果不能用于中国品种牛，更难以使该方法应用于生产。而国内在此方面的报道很有限，所以急需建立各品种反刍动物的估测模型，扩大该方法的应用范围。试验采用3头月龄（22±0.2），体重为（641±26.889）kg，体况相近的中国荷斯坦成年公牛，设计3×3的拉丁方，通过调整日粮精粗比来考察可消化有机物进食量对中国荷斯坦成年公牛尿嘌呤衍生物（PD）排出的影响。结果发现，试验牛尿中嘌呤衍生物中尿囊素大约为73%~88%，黄嘌呤和次黄嘌呤的含量很小，可以忽略不计，与以往对成年反刍动物的研究结果相似，与同个体犊牛期的研究结果相反。PD的排出量随可消化有机物(DOMI)和可消化粗蛋白(DCP)进食量升高而上升，存在较强的相关性(R2=0.88，n=9)，其排出水平为414.09~975.59mmol/d。肌酐酸的排出较稳定，各处理间差异不显著（P＞0.05）。PDC与DOM和DCP进食量存在正相关，这与以往成年反刍动物的研究结果是相似的，与同个体犊牛期的研究结果相反，但相关性较弱。

关键词: 冬小麦, 冬小麦, 根系, 采样方法

Abstract: As one of the way of estimating microbial protein production, urinary purine derivatives (PD) is easier. And it has good consistency with any other ways, but it also has disadvantage. The PD excretion in urine changes and it is not universal in different breeds. So it is exactly in need of kinds of models about different ruminants. Three China Holstein male cattle were fed with three mixed diets of forage and concentrate. In this experiment, a Latin square design was used to research the rules of purine derivatives excretion through observing the relationship between DOMI and PD excretion. It shows that the allantoin, which only takes little part in calves, was the main part (about73%~88%) in the cattle’s urine, and the xanthine and hypoxanthine which are also take only much little part, can be neglected. The PD changed from 414.09mmol/d to 975.59mmol/d with the enhancement of DOM and DCP intake, and the relativity was significant (R2=0.88, n=9). At the same time, the creatine excretion was steady, and not significant (P＞0.05). The PDC increased with the enhancement of DOM and DCPI, which was consistent to other’s research of cattle and contrary to calves, but the response was lower.

中图分类号:

S815.5

徐萍,莫放,姜军,高博. 魔芋不同繁殖材料田间生理指标研究初报[J]. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(2): 1-001.

Xu Ping, Mo Fang, Jiang Jun, Gao Bo. The Relationship between Digestible Organic Matter and Purine Derivatives in Urine in Grown Male Cattle of China Holstein[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2007, 23(2): 1-001.

参考文献

[1] Hume,I.D. Synthesis of microbial protein in the rumen. III. A response to higher volatile fatty acids[J]. Austrian Journal Agricultural Research,1970(21):297~299
[2] Kropp. J. R., Johnson. R. R., Males. J. R. et al. Microbial protein synthesis with low quality roughage ration: Isonitrogenous substitution of urea for soybean meal[J]. Journal Animal Science, 1977(46):837~843
[3] Stern. M. D. , Rade. L . M, Prang. R. W. Ruminal protein degradation of corn gluten meal in lactating dairy cattle fitted with duodenal T-type cannula[M].1983.4~17
[4] Smith. R. H. , McAllan. A. R.] Hewitt. D. , et al. LeEstimation of amounts of microbial and dietary nitrogen compounds entering the duodenum of cattle [J]. Journal Agricultural Science(Camb.).1978(90):557~560
[5] Meyer. J. H. , Vander Watt. S. I. and Schartz. H. M. The influence of diet and protozoal number on the breakdown and synthesis of protein in the rumen of sheep[J] . .Journal Animal Science. 1986(62):509~512
[6] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Estimation of rumen microbial protein production from purine derivative in urine, IAEA-TECDOC-945,Vienna(1996):1~4
[7] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Summary of the co-ordinated research project on development, standardization and validation of nuclear based technologies for estimating microbial protein supply in ruminant livestock for improving productivity , IAEA-TECDOC-1093 , Vienna(1997):1~6
[8] 冯仰廉.奶牛营养需要和饲养标准「M」.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2000.6~15
[9] J.Kanjanapruthipong等著,史清河摘译.尿中嘌呤衍生物是估测瘤胃微生物合成量的一种指示物[J].国外畜牧科技,1996,26(5):7~10
[10] J. B. Liang, O. Pimpa, N. Abdullah, Z. A. Jelan., et al. Estimation of rumen microbial protein production from urinary purine derivatives in zebu cattle and water buffalo, IAEA-TECDOC-1093, Vienna(1997):35~42
[11] P. Prasitkusol, X. B. CHEN, D. J. Kyle. , et al. Measurment of the production of plasma purine derivatives excreted in the urine of sheep, IAEA-TECDOC-1093 , Vienna(1997):81~86.
[12] V. Volpe, B. S. Moscardini, L. Gruber. , et al. Development of a network model to predict the excretion of purine derivatives in the urine of cows, IAEA-TECDOC-1093 , Vienna(1997):87~96
[13] Carro.M.D. ,Valdes. C. , Railla. M. J. Effect of feed intake level on duodenal flow of microbial nitrogen in sheep given complete diets[J].IAEA Production Animal,1999,20(2):490~492
[14] Chen. X. B., Hovell. F. D. ,DeB. Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: Effect of exogenous nucleic acid supply on purine derivative excretion by sheep[J].British Journal Nutrition,1990(63):131~142
[15] lriki T, Itoh K .Weight gain,nitrogen balance and excretion of purine derivatives in urine in calves aged3-6 months and fed diets differing in crude protein and nitrogen source[J]. Japanese Journal Zootechnology Science,1 989,60(10):916~922
[16] González- Ronquillo M,Balcells J,Guada J A. , et al .Purine derivatives excretion in dairy cows: Endogenous excretion and the effect of exogenous nucleic acid supply [J].Journal Dairy Science,2003(86):1282~1291
[17] Belenguer A,Yanez D,Balcells J, et al .Urinary excretion of purine derivatives and prediction of rumen microbial outflow in goats[J].Livestock Production Science,2002(77):127~135
[18] Pimpa O, Liang J B, Balcells J .Absorption of nucleic acid in the small intestines of swamp Buffaloes and Kedah-kelantan cattle [J]. Animal Feed Science Technology,2003,(104):191~199
[19] 邢壮.不同日粮类型对肉牛尿中嘌呤衍生物排出量的影响[D].北京:中国农业大学,2001.19~42
[20] 杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1991.17~28
[21] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Estimation of rumen microbial protein production from purine derivative in urine, IAEA-TECDOC-945,Vienna(1997):31~36
[22] Funaba. M, Kagiyama. K, Iriki. T., et al. Duodenal flow of microbial nitrogen estimated from urinary excretion of purine derivatives in calves after early weaning [J].Journal Animal Science,1997(75):1965~1973
[23] 黄鸿威.不同营养水平对4~6月龄和斯坦犊牛尿嘌呤衍生物排出量的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2005,41(6):15~18
[24] 王加启,冯仰廉.日粮精粗比对瘤胃微生物合成效率的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,1995,26(4):301~307
[25] Chen, X. B, Chen, Y.K, Franklin, M.F., Orskov, E. R., Shand, W.J. The effect of feed intake and body weight on purine derivative excretion and microbial protein supply in sheep[J]. .Journal Animal Science,1992(70):1534~1542
[26] Perez. J. F. ,Balcells. J, Cebbrian. J. A. Excretion of endogenous and exgenous purine derivatives in sheep: Effect of increased concentrate intake[J]. British Journal Nutrition,1998,79(3):237~240
[27] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Estimation of microbial protein supply in ruminants using urinary purine derivative. (M),Vienna(2004):1~13