秸秆还田在植烟土壤性状改良上应用的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提高烤烟品质，利用作物秸秆还田改良土壤理化性质从而改善烟叶品质是当前烟区的研究热点。农作物秸秆是一种重要的农业资源，秸秆还田也是有效利用秸秆资源和提高农业经济效益的重要途径，秸秆还田能明显改善土壤的理化性状，提高土壤肥力和蓄水保墒能力、增加土壤养分和有机质含量以及微生物的数量，还可以减少焚烧秸秆带来的环境污染，是保证粮食作物高产稳产的有效措施之一，又是保护农村生态环境的一项重要技术。笔者就秸秆对植烟土壤性状改良的原理、研究现状及关键技术作一阐述和分析，为更好地合理利用秸秆资源，发挥秸秆资源在农业可持续发展中的潜力提供理论依据和技术支撑。

关键词: 水稻, 水稻, 高产, 栽培, 技术

Abstract: In order to improve the quality of Tobacco, reusing of Crop Straw is one of the important technical methods to enhance the quality of Tobacco. Crop straws are the important agricultural resource, and reusing of crop straws is the important way which enhances agriculture economy and availably utilizes sources. Reusing of crop straws is one of the effective measures which could obviously improve soil physical and chemic character, advance soil fertility and capability of keeping water and moisture content, increase soil content of nutrient, organic matter and animalcule, as well as, reduce environmental pollution which caused by burning crop straws, assure high and steady product of foodstuff, and is a new technique which could protect ecological environment in country. The researcher roundly expatiated and analyzed the principium, actuality and technique for improving tobacco soil fertility with reusing of crop straws in order to provide technical service and academic gist for tenet that the rational reusing of crop straws could hasten continuable agriculture development.

中图分类号:

S572

李正风.,张晓海,夏玉珍,李文正,李天飞,杨清辉,吴伯志. 秸秆还田在植烟土壤性状改良上应用的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(5): 165-165.

Li Zhengfeng., Zhang Xiaohai, Xia Yuzhen, Li Wenzheng, Li Tianfei, Yang Qinghui, Wu Bozhi. research progress on Application of Improving Tobacco Soil Fertility by Reusing of Crop Straws[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2007, 23(5): 165-165.

参考文献

[1] 左天觉,朱尊权[译].烟草的生产、生理和生物化学[M].上海:上海远东出版社,1993:60-64.
[2] 窦逢科,张景略.烟草品质与土壤肥料[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1992:60-98.
[3] 曹志洪.优质烤烟生产的土壤与施肥[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1991:5-40.
[4] 赵兰坡.施用作物秸秆对土壤的培肥作用[J].土壤通报,1996,27(2):76-78.
[5] 朱玉芹,岳玉兰.玉米秸秆还田培肥地力研究综述[J].玉米科学,2004,12(3):106-108.
[6] Recous S., Aita .C. and Mary B. In situ changes in gross N transformations in bare soil after addition of straw[J]. Soil Biol.& Biochem.,1999,(31):119-133.
[7] Mary B.,Recous S.,Darwis D. and Robin D. Interactions between decomposition of plant residues and nitrogen cycling in soil[J]. Plant and Soil,1996(181):71-82.
[8] 杜秉海,李贻学,宋国菡,等.烟田土壤微生物区系分析[J].中国烟草,1996,2:30-32.
[9] 戴厚升.农作物秸秆还田好处多[J].安徽农业科学,2002(11):8-10.
[10] 李新举,张志国,李贻学.土壤深度对还田秸秆腐解速度的影响[J].土壤学报,2001,38(1):135-138.
[11] 张耀栋,孙维伦,宋木兰.土壤中氮素转换[M].北京:农业出版社,1985,165-171.
[12] 沈善敏.中国土壤肥力[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998:79-81.
[13] Nyberg G,Ekblad A,Buresh R,et a1. Short-term patterns of carbon and nitrogen mineralization in a fallow field amended with green manures from agroforestry trees[J].Biol Fert Soils,2002, 36: 18-25.
[14] Weatherly HE,Zitzer SF,Cileman J,et a1.In situ litter decomposition and litter quality in a Mljave Desert ecosystem:effects of elevated atmospherie CO2 and interannnual climate variability[J].Global Change Bio1, 2003, 9: 1223-1233.
[15] 林心雄,程励励,施书莲,等.绿肥和秸秆等在苏南地区土壤中的分解特征[J].土壤学报,1980,17(4):319-327.
[16] 左玉萍,贾志宽. 秸秆分解土壤水分适宜区间及临界值[J].西北农业学报2003,12(3):73-75.
[17] 左玉萍,贾志宽. 土壤含水量对秸秆分解的影响及动态变化[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2004,32(5):61-63.
[18] M a LW,Peterson G A,Ahuja I R,et a1.Decomposition of surface crop residues in long-term studies of dry land agroecosystems[J]. Agronomy Journal,1999,91:401-409.
[19] 李新举,张志国,李贻学.土壤深度对还田秸秆腐解速度的影响[J].土壤学报,2001,38(1):135-138.
[20] 莫淑勋.土壤养分、植物营养与合理施肥[M].北京:北京农业出版社,1983:45-63.
[21] 王允白,王宝华,计玉,等.山东沂水植烟土壤类型与烟叶品质关系的调查研究[J].中国烟草科学,2000,(2):11-15.
[22] 沈中泉.有机与无机肥配施对烟叶品质的影响[J].烟草科技,1988,(6):49-53.
[23] Zhu Zhaoliang,Wen Qixiao. Freney J R (eds). Nitrogen in Soils of China[M]. Kluwer academic publishers,1997:43-66.
[24] 巨晓棠,晁逢春,李春俭,等.土壤后期供氮对烤烟产量和烟碱含量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2003,9(B11):48-53.
[25] 付丽波,王毅,瞿兴,等.在高肥力秸秆和氮肥配合施用对高肥力植烟土壤理化性质的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2004,23(3):295-299.
[26] 和丽忠,张晓海,汪禄祥,等.直接施用禾本科秸秆对烤烟产量、产值和品质的影响[J]. 西南农业学报,2004,17(6):773-779.
[27] 王绍坤,张晓林,张晓海,等.秸秆还田对烟区土壤和烟叶产质量的效应[J].中国农学通报,2000,16(5):11-13.
[28] 杨跃,王毅,瞿兴,等.施用麦秸秆对烤烟产质量的影响[J].烟草科技,2004,208(11):30-32.
[29] 郭予琦.芝麻饼肥、秸秆还田与化肥配施条件下烤烟生长及品质表现[J].河南农业科学,2004(3):32-34.
[30] 魏洪武,袁家富.秸秆覆盖对烤烟产量和品质的影响[J].土壤肥料,1995,(4):25-27.
[31] 黎成厚,刘元升.壤质地等对烤烟生长及钾素营养的影响[J].山东农业生物学报,1999,18(4):203-208.
[32] 陈江华,李志宏,刘建利,等.全国主要烟区土壤养分丰缺状况评价[J].中国烟草学报,2004,l0(3):14-l8.
[33] 吴正举.福建烟区土壤特性及其与烟叶品质的关系[J].中国烟草学报,1996,(1):49-53.