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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (7): 285-289.

所属专题： 玉米

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

施用脱硫石膏与天然有机物混合改良剂对盐化潮土理化性质及玉米产量的影响

邵玉翠1,任顺荣1,廉晓娟1,曾秀文2,贺宏达1   

  • 收稿日期:2009-11-24 修回日期:2009-12-02 出版日期:2010-04-05 发布日期:2010-04-05
  • 基金资助:

    “脱硫石膏改良盐碱地技术开发研究与示范

Effects of Soil Combination Amendments of Gypsum and Natural Organic Matter on Chemical and Physical Properties of Salinized Fluvo-aquic Soil and Maize Yield

  • Received:2009-11-24 Revised:2009-12-02 Online:2010-04-05 Published:2010-04-05

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摘要：

摘要：研究利用脱硫石膏与天然有机物混合土壤改良剂的特有的性质，能够有效地改善盐化潮土土壤的理化环境并达到提高玉米产量的目的。试验采用改良剂成分比例不同的2种配方、4个施用量，以不施改良剂处理为对照，9个处理，3次重复。结果表明：脱硫石膏与天然有机物混合改良剂与基础土壤相比降低土壤容重2.30%～11.86%；增加土壤总孔隙度0.16%～10.52%；增加毛管孔隙6.28%～26.30%；降低非毛管孔隙7.82%～52.38%。2种配方改良剂的不同施用量与对照相比，土壤全盐量、ESP、Na++k+和Cl-离子分别下降了5.88%～127.27%； 1.74%～95.69%；34.05%～185.5%；和164.94%～471.2%。增加土壤SO42-和Ca2+最多达到481.19%和478.25%。施用脱硫石膏与天然有机物混合改良剂不仅能够改善土壤物理结构和化学离子组成，同时也为作物提供了丰富的腐殖酸及Ca、S等营养物质，与对照相比提高玉米产量10.19%～30.99%，增加经济效益10.72%～18.67%。

关键词: 双季稻, 双季稻, 土壤类型, 黑麦草, 土壤微生物量, 覆盖作物, 双季稻, 土壤类型, 黑麦草

Abstract:

Abstract: The objective of this study was to enhance the yield of maize by improving chemical and physical properties of salinized fluvo-aquic soils with the combined amendments of gypsum and natural organic matter. The experiment utilized two formulas of soil amendments in which gypsum was combined with natural organic matter at different ratio, four application amounts, and a field with no amendments as control, total of nine treatments with three replicates each. Compared with control, soils with combined amendments decreased soil bulk density by 2.30%~11.86%, increased bulk porosity by 0.16%~10.52%, enhanced capillary porosity by 6.28%~26.30%, and reduced noncapillary porosity by 7.82%~52.38%. Different application amounts of the two amendment formulas, compared with control, at most reduced soil total salt amount, ESP, Na++K+ and Cl- by 127.27%, 95.69%, 185.5%, and 471.2%, respectively, and at most increased soil SO42- and Ca2+ by 481.19% and 478.25%, respectively. Soil amendments can not only improve soil physical structures and chemical ion compositions, but also provide crops with enriched humic acid and nutrients such as Ca and S. Compared with control, soils with combined amendments enhanced maize yield by 10.19% ~ 30.99%, and improved economic efficiency by 10.72% ~18.67%.